次氧化锌弱酸浸出液中铟镓锗的萃取分离工艺研究  

Study on Extraction Separation Process of In,Ga and Ge from Weak Acid Leaching Solution of Secondary Zinc Oxide

作　　者：杨毅帆 王琼 施全 陈海大 赵卓 汪九初 徐亮 江少杰 杨成 田勇攀 YANG Yi-fan;WANG Qiong;SHI Quan;CHEN Hai-da;ZHAO Zhuo;WANG Jiu-chu;XU Liang;JIANG Shao-jie;YANG Cheng;TIAN Yong-pan(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243000,China;Anhui Jiuhua New Material Co.,Ltd.,Chizhou 247000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]安徽九华新材料股份有限公司,安徽池州247000

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2025年第2期25-33,共9页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51904003);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022n07020004)。

摘　　要：以铅锌冶炼系统副产物次氧化锌的弱酸浸出液为研究对象,采用溶剂萃取法从其中回收In、Ga、Ge。通过系列萃取实验考察了溶液pH值、协萃剂YW100等对In、Ga、Ge萃取率的影响,并确定了合适的反萃剂及选择性萃取分离In、Ga、Ge的工艺流程。实验结果表明:Fe^(3+)对Ga、Ge的萃取有较大影响,因此浸出率在萃取前需先进行Fe^(3+)的还原。在P204萃取体系下,In萃取率可达99.99%,Ga、Ge几乎不被萃取;萃In有机相采用6 mol/L的盐酸反萃,In反萃率接近90%。随后,采用P204+YW100协同萃取体系对萃余液中的Ga和Ge进行萃取,Ga、Ge萃取率分别达到93.30%与98.90%,负载Ga、Ge的有机相先采用6 mol/L的硫酸反萃Ga,Ga反萃率可达65%,再采用次氯酸钠或者氟化铵溶液反萃Ge,Ge反萃率可达90%左右。本研究实现了从次氧化锌弱酸浸出液中选择性萃取分离In、Ga、Ge,达到了资源高效回收利用的目的。Taking the weak acid leaching solution of secondary zinc oxide that is a by-product from the lead-zinc smelting system as the research subject,solvent extraction was employed to recover In,Ga,and Ge from it.The effects of solution pH value and the synergistic extractant YW100 on the extraction rates of In,Ga,and Ge were investigated through a series of extraction experiments.Suitable stripping agents and selective extraction separation processes for In,Ga and Ge were determined.The experimental results reveal that Fe^(3+)significantly impacts the extraction of Ga and Ge,so it is necessary to reduce the Fe^(3+)in the leaching solution before extraction.In the P204 extraction system,the extraction rate of In reaches 99.99%,while Ga and Ge are hardly extracted.The In-loaded organic phase is stripped with 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid,and the In stripping rate is close to 90%.Subsequently,the synergistic extraction system of P204+YW100 is used to extract Ga and Ge from the raffinate.The extraction rates of Ga and Ge reach 93.30%and 98.90%,respectively.The Ga-and Ge-loaded organic phase is first stripped with 6 mol/L sulfuric acid to recover Ga(achieving a stripping rate of 65%),followed by Ge stripping using sodium hypochlorite or ammonium fluoride solution,which yields a Ge stripping rate of approximately 90%.The selective extraction separation of In,Ga and Ge from the weak acid leaching solution of secondary zinc oxide have been realized,and the goal of efficient recycling and utilization of resources has been achieved.

关 键 词：弱酸浸出液 次氧化锌 铟 镓 锗 溶剂萃取 P204+YW100协同萃取 分离回收 

分 类 号：TF843.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]