国际投资条约下单边经济制裁的规制路径、政策空间与中国应对  

The Regulatory Path,Policy Space and China's Response to Unilateral Economic Sanctions under International Investment Treaty

作　　者：靳也 JIN Ye(Department of International Law,China Foreign Affairs University,Beijing,100037)

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际法系,北京100037

出　　处：《南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期116-128,共13页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“北京市‘两区’建设中的法律服务市场对外开放问题研究”(22FXC015);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中国新一代国际投资条约中的争端解决机制构建问题研究”(3162024ZYQB02)。

摘　　要：单边经济制裁对国际投资活动产生强烈影响。作为投资保护重要工具的国际投资条约并未直接对单边经济制裁行为的合法性作出规定,但单边经济制裁措施会因其对条约下的投资利益造成损害而引发争端。国际投资条约中的征收补偿条款、公平与公正待遇条款、非歧视待遇条款等实体规则对单边经济制裁具有重要约束作用。随着国际投资条约的价值转向,根本安全例外、投资保护限制性条款和公共政策例外等规则为单边经济制裁创造的政策空间呈现扩张趋势。在反对单边经济制裁的基本立场下,中国在国际投资条约缔约实践中应审慎对待投资保护限制性条款的发展,积极维护反制裁措施在国际投资条约下的合法性,综合运用国际争端解决机制维护投资条约下的利益。Unilateral economic sanctions have a strong impact on international investment activities.As an important tool for investment protection,the international investment treaty does not directly stipulate the legality of unilateral economic sanctions,but unilateral economic sanctions can give rise to disputes because they cause damage to investment interests under treaties.Substantive regulations such as expropriation compensation clauses,fair and equitable treatment clauses,and non-discriminatory treatment clauses in international investment treaties have an important binding effect on unilateral economic sanctions.However,with the shift in the value of international investment treaties,the policy space created by regulations such as fundamental security exceptions,investment protection restrictive clauses,and public policy exceptions for unilateral economic sanctions has shown an expanding trend.Under the basic stance of opposing unilateral economic sanctions,China should be cautious about the development of restrictive clauses on investment protection in the practice of concluding international investment treaties,actively safeguard the legitimacy of counter-sanctions measures under international investment treaties,and comprehensively use the international dispute settlement mechanism to safeguard its interests under investment treaties.

关 键 词：单边经济制裁 国际投资条约 国际投资争端解决 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]