面向差异化QoS需求的低轨算力卫星星座设计  

LEO computing satellite constellation design for heterogeneous QoS requirements

作　　者：彭煜明 孙仪静 邸博雅 PENG Yuming;SUN Yijing;DI Boya(School of Electronics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学电子学院,北京100871

出　　处：《物联网学报》2025年第1期13-26,共14页Chinese Journal on Internet of Things

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.62322101);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(No.2023B0303000019)。

摘　　要：日益增长的物联网终端设备数量对地面网络的服务能力提出了巨大挑战。超密集低地球轨道卫星星座成为弥补地面网络覆盖区域有限以及用户终端计算能力不足的技术手段。通过建立卫星与地面连接模型,分析用户可获得的平均算力和回程容量,构建了多目标优化问题,旨在最小化所需卫星数量,同时满足用户任务卸载的差异化服务质量(QoS,quality of service)需求。提出了一种两阶段星座设计算法,首先优化算力卫星的资源分配策略,随后确定最优QoS下的星座参数。仿真结果验证了模型的准确性,并探讨了轨道高度、任务量和覆盖率对星座设计的影响。与Kuiper、OneWeb和SpaceX星座相比,该算法设计的星座在相同卫星数量下,平均覆盖率分别提高了29.52%、48.73%和34.82%。The rapidly increasing number of Internet of things devices poses significant challenges to the service capabilities of terrestrial networks.Ultra-dense low earth orbit satellite constellations have emerged as a promising solution to address the limited coverage area of terrestrial networks and the insufficient computing capabilities of user terminals.By establishing a satellite-to-terrestrial connection model,the average computational resources and backhaul capacity available to ground users were analyzed and a multi-objective optimization problem for designing ultra-dense LEO constellations was modelled,aiming to minimize the total number of satellites while meeting the heterogeneous quality of service(QoS)requirements for user task offloading.A two-stage constellation design algorithm was proposed,which firstly optimized the resource allocation strategy of computational satellites and then determined the constellation parameters under optimal QoS conditions.Simulation results validate the accuracy of the theoretical model and analyze the impact of orbital altitude,task volume,and coverage requirements on constellation design.Compared with the Kuiper,OneWeb,and SpaceX constellations,the proposed constellation achieved an average coverage rate increase of 29.52%,48.73%,and 34.82%,respectively,with the same number of satellites.

关 键 词：卫星物联网 低轨卫星星座 算力卫星网络 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TN927[电子电信—通信与信息系统]