中国茶叶出口贸易影响因素分析——基于新制度经济学理论分析框架  

Analysis of the factors influencing China's tea export trade——based on the analytical framework of new institutional economics theory

作　　者：陈涵 林以恒[2,4] 郑庭昌 范水生 毛丽玉[2,4] CHEN Han;LIN Yiheng;ZHENG Tingchang;FAN Shuisheng;MAO Liyu(College of Economics and Management,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;College of Rural Revitalization,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Institute of Multifunctional Agricultural Applications,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学经济与管理学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学乡村振兴学院,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [4]福建农林大学多功能农业应用研究所,福州350002

出　　处：《林业经济》2024年第10期58-70,共13页Forestry Economics

基　　金：福建省创新战略研究联合项目“福建省茶产业高质量发展水平评价及优化路径研究”(2023R0147);福建省财政科研项目“乡村产业振兴的总体构想与发展策略”(K8119A01A);福建省财政科研项目“特色现代农业产业小院的科技集成与机制”(K8120K01a)。

摘　　要：中国茶叶出口贸易在茶产业营销流通及产业体系建设中具有重要意义。文章基于新制度经济学,构建了“正式制度—非正式制度—市场环境”中国茶叶出口贸易三维分析框架,并运用拓展贸易引力模型,结合2003—2023年中国与30个主要茶叶贸易伙伴国的双边流量数据,实证分析了制度、文化和市场环境等因素对中国茶叶出口贸易的影响。研究表明:(1)经济自由度在1%的显著性水平上促进中国茶叶出口。较高的经济自由度降低了贸易壁垒和出口成本,增强了茶叶的国际竞争力。(2)制度距离在1%的显著性水平上对出口产生抑制作用。较大的制度差异增加了合规成本和市场准入复杂性,限制了茶叶出口增长。(3)文化距离未通过显著性检验,表明文化差异对茶叶出口的直接影响尚不显著。(4)中国经济规模、地理邻近性和“一带一路”合作框架等因素分别在1%、1%、10%的显著性水平上促进中国茶叶出口。中国经济规模的增长优化了茶产业资源的配置,地理邻近性降低了贸易的可变成本,“一带一路”合作促进了贸易的便利化,增强了茶叶出口国际竞争力。而区域贸易协定在1%的显著性水平上抑制出口,区域内的贸易分流降低茶叶出口的市场份额。文章提出要深化制度协同,推进标准互认体系建设;聚焦高开放度市场,优化全球布局;规避同质竞争,强化产品品类创新。China's tea export trade plays a crucial role in the marketing circulation and the construction of the national tea industry system.Based on new institutional economics theory,this paper built a three-dimensional analytical framework for China's tea export trade,specifically the"formal institutions-informal institutions-market environment"framework.Utilizing an expanded gravity model of trade,together with bilateral flow data between China and 30 major tea trade partners from 2003 to 2023,this paper empirically analyzed the impacts of institutions,culture and market environment on China's tea export trade.The result indicated that:(1)Economic freedom significantly promoted China's tea export at 1%significance level.Higher economic freedom reduced trade barriers and export costs,thereby enhanced the international competitiveness of Chinese tea.(2)Institutional distance significantly inhibited export at 1%significance level.Greater institutional differences increased compliance costs and the complexity of market entry,thereby limited the growth of tea export.(3)Cultural distance did not pass the significance test,indicating that cultural differences did not have a direct significant impact on tea export.(4)The factors such as China's economic scale,geographical proximity and the"Belt and Road"cooperation framework significantly promoted tea export at 1%,1%,and 10%significance levels,respectively.The growth of China's economic scale optimized the resource allocation in the tea industry,geographical proximity reduced trade variable costs,the"Belt and Road"cooperation facilitated trade and strengthened the international competitiveness of Chinese tea.Conversely,regional trade agreements significantly inhibited exports at 1%significance level,as trade diversion within the region reduced the market share for tea export.The paper proposed three policy recommendations:deepening institutional coordination and advancing the construction of a standard recognition system,focusing on high-liberalization markets and optimizing

关 键 词：新制度经济学 茶叶出口 影响因素 拓展贸易引力模型 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济] F752.62