听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式的潜在剖面分析  

Latent profile analysis of family management of children with hearing impairment

作　　者：燕羽扬 于文永 李雯[1] 魏佳鑫 刘栋烨 YAN Yuyang;YU Wenyong;LI Wen;WEI Jiaxin;LIU Dongye(Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi 030001 China;First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学,山西030001 [2]山西医科大学第一医院

出　　处：《护理研究》2025年第8期1241-1247,共7页Chinese Nursing Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式的不同类别及其影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2023年3月—11月,在太原市某三级甲等医院听力中心,以及太原市、长治市4所特殊儿童康复机构内选取听力障碍患儿父母224人为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、家庭管理方式量表和一般家庭功能量表进行问卷调查。应用潜在剖面分析对听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式进行分类,采用Logistic回归分析探索听力障碍患儿家庭不同管理类别的影响因素。结果:听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式可分为高效管理-低影响型(39.3%)、挣扎管理-影响型(41.1%)、低效管理-高影响型(19.6%)3类。患儿年龄、主要照顾者、父亲养育参与度、父母工作变动、家庭月收入、母亲文化程度和家庭功能是听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式潜在类别的影响因素(P<0.05)。父母工作变动、母亲文化程度较低、父亲养育参与度较低、家庭月收入较低、家庭功能失调的听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式归为低效管理-高影响型概率更大。年龄≤3岁的听力障碍患儿家庭管理方式归为高效管理-低影响型概率更大。结论:听力障碍患儿的家庭管理方式存在异质性,护理人员可根据不同家庭的特征提供针对性的护理支持和专业教育,以改善家庭的疾病管理方式。Objective:To explore the different categories and influencing factors of family management of children with hearing impairment.Methods:From March to November 2023,a total of 224 parents of children with hearing impairment were selected from the hearing center of a tertiary grade A hospital in Taiyuan city and 4 rehabilitation institutions for special children in Taiyuan city and Changzhi city.General information questionnaire,Family Management Measure(FaMM),Family Assessment Device-General Functional(FAD-GF)were used for questionnaire investigation.Latent profile analysis was used to classify family management of children with hearing impairment.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of different family management categories of children with hearing impairment.Results:Family management of children with hearing impairment could be divided into three categories:high-efficiency management and low-impact group(39.3%),struggling management-impact group(41.1%)and low-efficiency management and high-impact group(19.6%).Age of children,primary caregiver,father's involvement,parental job change,monthly family income,mother's education level and family function were the influencing factors of family management style for children with hearing impairment(P<0.05).With parental job change,low maternal education,low father's involvement,low family monthly income,and family dysfunction,the family management style of hearing impaired children had a higher probability of belonging to the low-efficiency management and high-impact group.The family management style of hearing impaired children aged≤3 years old had a higher probability of belonging to the high-efficiency management and low-impact group.Conclusions:There was heterogeneity in family management of children with hearing impairment.According to the characteristics of different families,nurses could provide targeted nursing support and professional education to improve the family's disease management.

关 键 词：听力障碍 儿童 家庭管理 潜在剖面分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]