云南六州市家庭养育需求及政策满意度调查研究  

Research on Family Parenting Nurturing Needs and Family Nurturing Policy Satisfaction from Families of Six Prefectures and Cities in Yunnan Province

作　　者：李彩彦 李树燕 王洋 贺晓波 LI Caiyan;LI Shuyan;WANG Yang;HE Xiaobo(School of Pre-School Special Education,Kunming University,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650214;School of Humanities,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650214)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院学前与特殊教育学院,云南昆明650214 [2]昆明学院人文学院,云南昆明650214

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2025年第2期57-67,共11页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：云南省哲学社会科学重点课题“云南省普惠托育服务体系建设研究”(ZD202209);云南省教育厅创新团队“特殊儿童医教协同早期干预科技创新团队”(ZX20240196);云南省教育厅学前儿童教育与发展研究生导师团队项目(2024-119);2024年省院省校合作人文社会科学研究项目“云南省普惠性学前教育优质均衡发展对策研究”(SYSX202423)。

摘　　要：家庭养育支持是中国式现代化和人口发展战略的基本命题。通过对云南六州市5527个样本进行问卷调查发现,家庭养育需求多元化、呈“三高两低”态势,高需求聚焦于家庭育儿需求、生育配套的经济需求与时间需求、来自家庭和政府的支持需求,托育服务需求和社区育儿指导需求较低,近四成家庭有托育需求,八成以上期待普惠性托育费用,家庭养育仍是主流,“社会化”养育尚未形成。同时,家庭养育政策满意程度以“一般”居多,且其满意度由高到低是时间政策、保障性服务政策、经济政策、职业发展政策、多方支持;托育服务满意度不高,入托率不高且入托家庭约三分之一送到幼儿园托班。家庭养育政策满意度对生育配套、多方支持、社区育儿指导等三大家庭养育需求影响显著。应构筑多样性立体化全生命历程的“生育-养育-教育”家庭养育支持体系,构建“支持家庭”与“社会化服务”相结合的家庭养育支持体系。Family rearing support is the basic proposition of Chinese path to modernization and population development strategy.Through a questionnaire survey of 5527 samples from 6 cities and prefectures in Yunnan,it was found that the demand for family upbringing is diversified and shows a trend of three highs and two lows.High demand focuses on family parenting needs,economic needs and time needs for childbirth support,and support needs from families and governments.The demand for childcare services and community parenting guidance is relatively low.Nearly 40%of families have childcare needs,and over 80%expect inclusive childcare fees.Family upbringing is still mainstream,and socialized parenting has not yet formed.At the same time,the satisfaction level of family upbringing policies is mostly“average”,and their satisfaction ranges from high to low in terms of time policies,guarantee service policies,economic policies,career development policies,and multi-party support.The satisfaction with childcare services is not high,with a low enrollment rate and about one-third children being sent to kindergarten daycare classes.The satisfaction with family upbringing policies has a significant impact on the three major needs of family upbringing,including fertility support,multi-party support,and community parenting guidance.We should build a diversified family upbringing support system of birthgiving,upbringing and education throughout the entire life cycle,and form a family upbringing support system that combines supporting families and socialized services.

关 键 词：家庭养育需求 家庭养育政策满意度 家庭养育支持 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学] D632.1[政治法律—政治学] G619.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]