权变决策:智力障碍者的决策参与机制与赋能策略——基于一项助残社会服务的行动研究  

Contingent Decision-Making:Participation and Empowerment in Intellectual Disabilities——An Action Research on Didability Support Services

作　　者：韩央迪[1] 林淑仪 HAN Yangdi;LIN Shuyi

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院,上海200453 [2]中国人民大学社会学院,北京100872

出　　处：《社会工作》2025年第2期83-105,161-163,共26页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“福利治理视野下社会工作服务的成效与建构研究”(项目编号:18BSH145)。

摘　　要：残障者的决策参与机制研究对于破解中国助残社会服务供需失衡困境具有重要实践意义,同时回应了国际助残服务领域新兴的服务使用者理论视角。本研究运用行动研究方法,结合影像发声法,系统考察助残社会服务中智力障碍者的决策参与机制,并构建分层赋权策略模型,为落实“平等·参与·共享”的残障事业发展目标提供实证支持。研究发现,在服务供给逻辑异化的制度环境下,智力障碍者受结构性“弱者化”身份标签制约,呈现出情境适配的权变决策特征,其决策行为呈现组织场域形塑与主体策略性应对的双重逻辑。通过影像发声法的创新运用,本研究进一步探索了包括线索提供和经验习得的去弱者化决策参与赋权策略。基于研究结果,本文就如何保障残障者在助残社会服务中的决策参与提出了实务反思与优化建议。The inclusion of individuals with disabilities in decision-making processes represents a pivotal strategy for addressing the supply-demand imbalance within China’s disability assistance social services.This approach aligns with the evolving paradigm of service user involvement that has gained prominence in the international discourse on disability assistance social services in recent years.The study employs a piece of action research methodology,with a specific focus on the mechanisms of decision-making participation among individuals with intellectual disabilities within the context of disability assistance social services.The study proposes corresponding empowerment strategies,aiming to provide a practical foundation for achieving the developmental objectives of“equality,participation,and sharing”in the realm of disability services.The participants in this study comprised 16 individuals with intellectual disabilities from Organization Y,a disability assistance organization based in Shanghai.The recruitment process involved a combination of poster advertisements,gatekeeper recommendations,and activity presentations.The inclusion criteria for participants were as follows:individuals with mild intellectual disabilities affiliated with the organization;possessing a basic capacity for verbal expression;owning a mobile phone;and demonstrating an interest and willingness to participate in This study.Among the 16 participants,93.75%were individuals with mild intellectual disabilities,with a relatively balanced gender distribution,and all were of working age.Their educational attainment was predominantly at the primary and junior high school levels.Notably,88.9%of the participants were regular attendees of the organization,with the majority having been associated with it for over a decade.This underscores the significance of disability assistance organizations as crucial venues for the provision of social services to individuals with intellectual disabilities,as well as important platforms for their social interac

关 键 词：决策参与 智力障碍者 助残社会服务 行动研究 社会工作 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]