淮北典型地区地下水硝酸盐来源及微生物群落结构特征  

Sources and Microbial Communities'Structure Characteristics of Nitrate in Groundwater in Huaibei Typical Area,China

作　　者：秦曦 王赫生[1,2] 龚建师 陶小虎[1,2] 檀梦皎 朱春芳 QIN Xi;WANG Hesheng;GONG Jianshi;TAO Xiaohu;TAN Mengjiao;ZHU Chunfang(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes,Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016 [2]自然资源部流域生态地质过程重点实验室,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《河北地质大学学报》2025年第2期67-76,共10页Journal of Hebei Geo University

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20230428)。

摘　　要：文章研究了丰水期研究区不同含水层地下水的水化学特征,并进一步探讨了硝酸盐浓度空间分布、来源及相关微生物群落结构。地下水水化学类型以Ca-Mg-HCO_(3)和Ca-HCO_(3)为主。研究区NO_(3)^(-)含量分布不均,具有明显的地域性差异,地下水硝酸盐主要来自于居民点的粪便、肥料施用和农业活动等非点源,浅层、中深层地下水污染分别与动物粪便带、农药带之间的联系更强。在门和属水平上,弱径流带和山前强径流带的中深层地下水的Proteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria丰度高于浅层地下水,且不同含水层地下水在山前强径流带的Proteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria丰度同样高于弱径流带,多种反硝化菌属总丰度则与该规律相反,表明山前强径流带中深层地下水的氮循环更活跃,特别是氨氧化过程,弱径流带浅层地下水的反硝化过程则更活跃。In this study,it described hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater under different aquifers in the study area during wet period,and further explored spatial distribution,sources,and microbial communities'structure characteristics of nitrate concentrations.The predominant hydrochemical facies of the groundwater was Ca-Mg-HCO_(3),followed by Ca-HCO_(3).The NO_(3)^(-) content in the study area was unevenly distributed and had obvious regional differences.Nitrate in groundwater was primarily derived from non-point sources which include excrement of the settlement,fertilizers used for irrigation,and agricultural activity.The link between shallow groundwater contamination and animal manure zones was more stronger,while the association between middle-deep groundwater contamination and pesticide zones was more stronger.At the phylum and genus levels,Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were detected at high abundance in middle-deep groundwater of the strong and weak runoff zones compared with shallow groundwater,and groundwater under different aquifers in strong runoff zone had the abundance of Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria higher than weak runoff zone.What's more,the total abundance of multiple denitrifying bacteria was contrary to this rule.Overall speaking,it indicated that the nitrogen cycle in middle-deep groundwater of strong runoff zone was more active.

关 键 词：硝酸盐 来源 微生物 地下水 淮北 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]