后弗洛伊德与后马克思主义时代的绩效逻辑——韩炳哲数字精神政治学新释  

The Logic of Achievement in Post-Freudian and Post-Marxist Era:New Interpretation of Byung-Chul Han's Digital Psychopolitics

作　　者：刘洋 郭丽双 Liu Yang;Guo Lishuang

机构地区：[1]复旦大学马克思主义学院 [2]德国法兰克福大学

出　　处：《理论月刊》2025年第4期37-46,158,共11页Theory Monthly

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“21世纪俄罗斯马克思主义研究”(20&ZD011);上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“21世纪俄罗斯马克思主义前沿问题研究”(2020BZX011);国家留学基金委国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目(202406100081)。

摘　　要：韩炳哲的数字精神政治学生发于从规训社会到功绩社会的转型过程中,立足对弗洛伊德精神分析学与马克思阶级和异化理论的重释,聚焦新自由主义绩效逻辑对当代人的全方位宰制。大数据和监视资本主义的发展推动权力技术由肉体政治转变为精神政治,自由与自我剥削合而为一,情感资本主义也使得负面情感被有助于创造功绩的幸福预期取代。面对这种生存困境,人可以通过自主隔绝和他者回归来破解。尽管韩炳哲对精神分析学阐释力的质疑和对马克思阶级观、异化观的重塑略显武断,但他对当代人的生存危机即自由被操纵而导向悲剧的揭示极富洞见,提供了一种迥异于数字社会主义的数字悲观主义视角,因此其思想具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。Byung-Chul Han's digital psychopolitics originates from the transformation from disciplinary society to the society of achievement.Based on the critique of Freud's psychoanalysis and Marx's theory of classes and alienation,the concept focuses on the total domination of the logic of achievement of neoliberalism on contemporary people.With the development of big data and surveillance capitalism,technologies of power have transformed from body politics to psychopolitics,in which freedom merges with self-exploitation,and negative emotions are replaced by expectations of happiness that contribute to achievement due to eemotional capitalism.To get out of the dilemma,people can intentionally resort to external stimulus and call for the return of others.Although Byung-Chul Han's skepticism about the interpretability of psychoanalysis and his reshaping of Marx's view of classes and alienation may seem somewhat arbitrary,his insights into the living crisis of contemporary people,that is,freedom is manipulated and leads to tragedy,provides a perspective of digital pessimism that is different from digital socialism.In this sense,his concept is of great theoretical value and practical significance.

关 键 词：韩炳哲 数字精神政治学 功绩社会 精神分析 异化理论 

分 类 号：B152[哲学宗教—世界哲学]