经鼻持续气道正压通气新生儿鼻损伤发生率及其影响因素研究  

Current situation and influencing factors of nasal injury in newborns with nasal continuous positive pressure ventilation

作　　者：刘钰敏 张玉霞[2] 周敏[3] 程雅惠 Liu Yumin;Zhang Yuxia;Zhou Min;Cheng Yahui(School of Nursing and Rehabilitation,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong Province,China;Department of Neonatology,,Qilu Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong Province,China;Nursing Department,Qilu Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学护理与康复学院,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学齐鲁医院新生儿科,山东济南250012 [3]山东大学齐鲁医院护理部,山东济南250012

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2025年第3期1-6,共6页Modern Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的 探讨新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)新生儿经鼻持续气道正压通气(nasal continuous positive airway pressure,nCPAP)引起的鼻损伤发生率及影响因素,为临床护理提供依据。方法 收集2022年10月—2024年3月在山东某三级甲等综合医院NICU行经鼻持续气道正压通气治疗的268例新生儿资料,统计发生鼻损伤例数,采用多因素Logistic回归分析经鼻持续气道正压通气新生儿鼻损伤的影响因素。结果 NICU新生儿经鼻持续气道正压通气鼻损伤发生率为19.4%(52/268)。胎龄≤32w、出生体重<1500g、24h维持镇静药使用次数≥2次、强迫体位、暖箱湿度>65%、嗜睡/昏迷、存在有创通气史、nCPAP治疗前新生儿皮肤风险评分≥13分、经鼻持续气道正压通气治疗时长≥8d是NICU新生儿经鼻持续气道正压通气鼻损伤的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 NICU新生儿经鼻持续气道正压通气鼻损伤发生率较高、影响因素多样,临床医护人员应对可干预因素尽早干预以减少鼻损伤发生率。Objective To investigate current status in nasal injury caused by nasal continuous positive airway pressure(nCPAP)in neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)and its influencing factors so as to provide a basis for clinical nursing.Methods Data between October 2022 and March 2024 were collected from 268 neonates who underwent nCPAP in NICU of our hospital.The number of newborn nasal injury was recorded and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors associated with nasal injury caused by nCPAP in NICU neonates.Results The incidence of nasal injury in the 268 neonates with nCPAP was 19.40%(52/268).Risk factors that associated with nasal injury included gestational age≤32 weeks,birth weight<1500g,frequency of sedative use within 24 hours≥2 times,forced body position,incubator humidity>65%,lethargy/coma,history of invasive ventilation,neonatal skin risk assessment scale score≥13 points before nCPAP,and with nCPAP≥8 days(all P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of nasal injury in NICU neonates with nCPAP is high with many influencing factors.Preventive measures should be taken according to the identified risk factors in order to reduce the incidence of nasal injury in neonates with nCPAP.

关 键 词：鼻损伤 经鼻持续气道正压通气 新生儿重症监护室 新生儿 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]