宁波市基层医疗卫生资源配置情况和公平性分析  

Analysis of the Allocation Situation and Fairness of Primary Healthcare Resources in Ningbo City

作　　者：董晓欣[1] 夏胡 孙统达[1] DONG Xiaoxin;XIA Hu;SUN Tongda(Ningbo College of Health Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁波卫生职业技术学院,浙江宁波315100 [2]宁波市第二医院,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2025年第2期232-236,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：宁波市第六轮哲学社会科学研究基地立项课题(JD6-087);宁波市哲学社会科学研究项目:《宁波发展蓝皮书2023》项目(GL22-2-14)。

摘　　要：目的评估宁波市基层医疗卫生资源的分布状况及其公平性。方法运用描述性统计分析考察宁波市及其下属各县(市)区的基层医疗卫生资源配置概况。采用洛仑兹曲线(lorenz curve)和基尼系数(gini coefficient)对卫生资源配置公平性进行测算和比较。结果2022年各县(市)区拥有的基层医疗卫生资源差别较大。各项资源按人口分布的基尼系数由小到大排序为:执业(助理)医师(G=0.0948)<机构(G=0.1162)<卫生技术人员(G=0.1175)<注册护士(G=0.1561)<实有床位(G=0.4743);各项资源按辖区面积分布的基尼系数由小到大排序为:机构(G=0.2678)<执业(助理)医师(G=0.3212)<卫生技术人员(G=0.3291)<注册护士(G=0.3428)<实有床位(G=0.3533)。结论宁波市按人口分布的基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性优于按辖区面积分布的公平性,基层医疗卫生资源的结构和布局尚须调整。Objective To analyze the allocation status and fairness of primary healthcare resources in Ningbo City.Methods Descriptive analysis was adopted to analyze the general overview of the allocation of primary healthcare resources in Ningbo City and each county and district.Lorenz curve and gini coefficient were utilized to calculate and compare the fairness of healthcare resource allocation.Results In 2022,there were substantial differences in the primary healthcare resources among various counties and districts.The Gini coefficients of different resources in terms of population distribution,ranked from the smallest to the largest,were as follows:practicing(assistant)physicians(G=0.0948)<institutions(G=0.1162)<healthcare technicians(G=0.1175)<registered nurses(G=0.1561)<actual beds(G=0.4743);the Gini coefficients of various resources in accordance with the jurisdictional area distribution,ranked from the smallest to the largest,were as follows:institutions(G=0.2678)<practicing(assistant)physicians(G=0.3212)<healthcare technicians(G=0.3291)<registered nurses(G=0.3428)<actual beds(G=0.3533).Conclusion The fairness of the allocation of primary healthcare resources in Ningbo City based on population distribution is superior to that based on jurisdictional area distribution.The structure and layout of primary healthcare resources still require adjustment.

关 键 词：基层医疗 卫生资源 配置情况 公平性 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]