浙江省城乡绿地暴露度空间分布及影响因素探究  

Exploration on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of urban and rural greenspace exposure in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：葛海宪 吴超凡 林兴稳 解雪峰[1] 张振振 张朝阳 胡雨宏 刘治华 李璇 GE Haixian;WU Chaofan;LIN Xingwen;XIE Xuefeng;ZHANG Zhenzhen;ZHANG Zhaoyang;HU Yuhong;LIU Zhihua;LI Xuan(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期188-197,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(41701226);浙江师范大学流域地表过程与生态安全重点实验室开放课题(KF-2022-06);浙江师范大学自主设计科研资助项目(2021ZS0702)。

摘　　要：为探究浙江省城乡绿地暴露度差异及其影响因素,利用土地覆盖和人口数据计算浙江省绿地暴露度,结合梯度分析法揭示了省内主要城市绿地暴露度的城乡梯度特征,并应用极限梯度提升回归方法(extreme gradient boosting, XGBoost)和解释性算法(shapley additive explanation, SHAP)分析了绿地暴露度关键影响因素的空间异质性.结果表明:浙江省绿地暴露度存在显著的城乡差异,农村地区的绿地暴露度显著高于城市,丘陵盆地内的城市绿地暴露度由城市中心向农村显著提升,相比之下平原城市暴露度随梯度变化并不明显;影响浙江省城乡绿地暴露度的关键因素主要是绿地覆盖率、人口密度、地表温度和夜光指数,合计贡献度达到95%,其中绿地覆盖率贡献尤为显著(78%),网格尺度上绿地覆盖率的贡献值在城市范围内对绿地暴露度呈现消极影响,而在非城市区域主要表现出正向影响;绿地覆盖率的贡献度会随着城乡梯度发生变化,且这种变化和暴露度的变化趋势基本一致.基于“公里级”SHAP方法解析了绿地暴露度影响因素的空间差异,研究可为区域绿地暴露度探究和针对性治理提供科学参考.In order to explore the differences of greenspace exposure(G E)and its influencing factors,land cover and population data were used to calculate the G E in Zhejiang Province.The gradient analysis method was employed to reveal the urban-rural gradient characteristics in major cities.Machine learning method(extreme gradient boosting,XGBoost)and explanatory algorithm(shapley additive explanation,SHAP)were combined to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of key influencing factors of G E.The results indicated that:there was a significant difference of G E between the urban and rural regions in Zhejiang Province,with the G E in rural areas being significantly higher.The G E in the urban regions with hilly and basins increased significantly from urban centers to rural areas,while in plain cities it changed gently within different gradients.The key factors affected the G E for the whole Province were green space coverage,population density,surface temperature,and night light index,with a total contribution rate of 95%,among which the greenspace coverage contributed the greatest(78%).On the grid scale,the contribution of greenspace coverage within the city almost had a negative impact,while in rural areas it appeared positive impacts.The contribution of greenspace coverage changed within the urban-rural gradient,and the trend was consistent with the change of G E.Furthermore,it was analyzed the spatial differences of factors affecting greenspace exposure based on the"kilometer level"SHAP method,which could provide scientific reference for exploring regional G E and targeted governance.

关 键 词：绿地暴露度 城乡差异 机器学习 SHAP 空间分布 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]