2013—2022年温州市手足口病重复感染流行特征及影响因素分析  

Epidemic characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease re-infections and their influencing factors in Wenzhou City,2013-2022

作　　者：黄洁茹 李玲[1] 王黎荔[1] 倪朝荣[1] 杨君崎 谢华森 李晓伟 朱跃蒙 HUANG Jieru;LI Ling;WANG Lili;NI Chaorong;YANG Junqi;XIE Huasen;LI Xiaowei;ZHU Yuemeng(Wenzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2025年第3期287-291,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：温州市科技局科研项目:医防融合背景下温州市感染性腹泻病原谱监测指导临床模式的探究(Y20240848)。

摘　　要：目的描述2013—2022年温州市手足口病(hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)重复感染的流行病学特征,分析导致其重复感染的影响因素,科学指导防控。方法导出2013—2022年中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统中温州市HFMD报告信息并筛选重复感染信息,采用描述性流行病学统计方法描述其流行特征,使用Pearsonχ^(2)检验筛选有关变量,采用多因素logistic回归模型,寻找HFMD重复感染的影响因素。结果2013—2022年温州市HFMD重复感染率为2.27%。各次感染的首发年龄不同(P<0.05);散居儿童(χ^(2)=334.851,P<0.05)、沿海区县(χ^(2)=3982.100,P<0.05)的重复感染率高;多因素logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=1.160,95%CI:1.099~1.225)、散居儿童(OR=1.114,95%CI:1.023~1.214)、首次感染在流行季节(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.142~1.349)是重复感染的危险因素,而在高发年份(OR=0.801,95%CI:0.760~0.845)、居住城区(OR=0.567,95%CI:0.527~0.609)是重复感染的保护因素。结论温州市HFMD在发病后30~40个月内易重复感染,在1~2岁的风险最大,政府应在HFMD低发年份的流行季节,对除城区以外(尤其沿海)地区的低小年龄男性散居儿童,给予重点关注和提前干预。Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of recurrent hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)infections in Wenzhou City from 2013 to 2022,to analyze the factors influencing recurrent infections,and to provide scientific guidance for prevention and control re-infections.Methods The reported information about HFMD in Wenzhou City during 2013-2022 was derived from the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System,and the information regarding re-infections was screened.Descriptive epidemiological methods and statistics were used to describe their epidemic characteristics.Pearsonχ^(2) test was employed to screen for relevant variables.A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to identifying the factors influencing recurrent HFMD infections.Results The recurrent infection rate of HFMD in Wenzhou City from 2013 to 2022 was 2.27%.The initial age of each infection was different(P<0.05).The recurrent infection rate of HFMD was found to be higher in scattered children(χ^(2)=334.851,P<0.05)and coastal districts and counties(χ^(2)=3,982.100,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that males(OR=1.160,95%CI:1.099-1.225),scattered children(OR=1.114,95%CI:1.023-1.214)and initial infection occurring in the epidemic season(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.142-1.349)were risk factors for recurrent infections,while years with high incidence(OR=0.801,95%CI:0.760-0.845)and living in urban residential areas(OR=0.567,95%CI:0.527-0.609)were protective factors against recurrent infections.Conclusion HFMD in Wenzhou City is prone to repeated infections within 30-40 months after the onset,with the highest risk occurring between the ages of 1 and 2.The government should pay special attention to young male scattered children in all areas(especially coastal areas)except urban areas and intervene to prevent HFMD during the epidemic season of years with low incidence of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 重复感染率 感染间隔时间 影响因素 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]