泰州市某铅蓄电池制造企业职业病危害现状评价  

Evaluation on current status of occupational hazards in a lead-acid battery manufacturing enterprise in Taizhou City

作　　者：沈美东 黄海鹏 SHEN Meidong;HUANG Haipeng(Jiangyan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Jiangsu 225500,China)

机构地区：[1]泰州市姜堰区疾病预防控制中心,江苏泰州225500

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2025年第3期321-324,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查泰州市某铅蓄电池制造企业年产300万KVAh高容量免维护胶体铅蓄电池项目职业病危害状况,分析职业病危害预防控制效果,为铅蓄电池制造企业进一步做好职业卫生工作提供基础依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、检查表分析、职业病危害因素检测等方法,对生产阶段职业病危害现状进行综合分析。结果该企业铅尘检测值最高T波交替(T-wave alternans,TWA)为0.017 mg/m^(3),铅烟检测值最高TWA为0.024 mg/m^(3),硫酸、噪声、高温检测结果符合国家标准接触限值的要求;重点防护因子为铅烟、铅尘、硫酸、噪声,关键控制点为制粉、和膏、涂片、铸板、打磨、包片、装配、铸焊、穿壁焊、装壳、端子焊接、配酸制水、化成岗位。结论该铅蓄电池制造项目属于职业病危害严重的建设项目,职业病危害控制措施效果整体良好,但仍需持续关注产生铅烟铅尘、硫酸、噪声岗位,以提升企业职业危害防控水平。Objective To investigate the situation of occupational hazards in a project with an annual output of 3 million KVAh high capacity maintenance-free colloidal lead-acid battery from a lead-acid battery manufacturing enterprise in Taizhou City,to analyze the prevention and control effect of occupational hazards,and to provide a basis for further improving occupational health work in the lead-acid battery manufacturing enterprise.Methods The field investigation of occupational health,checklist analysis,detection of occupational hazard factors and other methods were employed to comprehensively analyze the present situation of occupational hazards in the production stages.Results The highest T-wave alternans(TWA)for lead dust and lead smoke detection in the enterprise were 0.017 mg/m^(3) and 0.024 mg/m^(3) respectively.The detection results of sulfuric acid,noise and high temperature met the requirements of the national standard for safe exposure limits.The key protection factors were lead smoke,lead dust,sulfuric acid and noise,and the key control points included posts related to powder production,paste preparation,film preparation,sheet casting,grinding,coating,assembly,cast welding,through-wall welding,shell loading,terminal welding,acid-mixing&water preparation and forming.Conclusion The lead-acid battery manufacturing project belongs to the construction project with serious occupational hazards,and the overall effect of control measures against occupational hazards is good.However,it is still necessary to constantly pay attention to the posts that produce lead smoke,lead dust,sulfuric acid and noise so as to improve the prevention and control level of occupational hazards in the enterprise.

关 键 词：铅蓄电池制造企业 职业病危害 现状 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]