数据要素如何赋能企业新质生产力——基于效应分解视角  

How do Data Elements Empower the New Quality Productive Forces of Enterprises? The Perspective of Effect Decomposition

作　　者：李丹[1] 李旭浦 Li Dan;Li Xupu(Business School,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao 125100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学工商管理学院,辽宁葫芦岛125100

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2025年第8期1-12,共12页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(JYIMS20230826)。

摘　　要：数据是形成新质生产力的新型生产要素。选取2011—2022年中国A股上市公司面板数据,从效应分解视角考察数据要素对企业新质生产力的影响。研究发现:①就直接效应而言,数据要素能有效赋能企业新质生产力发展,且研究结论稳健;②就间接效应而言,企业新质创新与劳动力技能结构在数据要素推动企业新质生产力发展中发挥中介效应;③就乘数效应而言,在新质创新与劳动力技能结构推动企业新质生产力发展过程中,数据要素具有放大、叠加与倍增作用;④数据要素赋能效应在竞争激烈、高新技术与非重污染行业明显,且在数字基础设施完备、数据人才高水平集聚与数据开放地区更加有效。研究结论可为发挥数据要素乘数效应赋能新质生产力发展提供理论依据和政策启示。The high-quality development of China's economy necessitates the unlocking of the potential of data elements,the advancement of productivity reforms and innovation,and the creation of new forms of high quality productive forces.However,current research fails to elucidate the mechanisms by which data elements influence the development of new high-quality productive forces within enterprises.It also falls short in addressing how traditional production factors interact with these data elements.As a result,enterprises struggle to understand how to leverage both data elements and traditional production factors to foster the development of their new high-quality productive forces in their day-to-day operations Therefore,this paper comprehensively constructs a theoretical analysis model of the data elements on the development of enterprises'new quality productive forces from three aspects:direct effect,indirect effect and multiplier effect.Using the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2022,this study examines the impact of the data elements on the development of new quality productive forces from the perspective of effect decomposition.The results show that(1)data elements can effectively empower the development of new quality productive forces of enterprises,and the conclusion is robust;(2)enterprises'new quality innovation and labor skill structure have a mediating effect in the development of enterprises'new quality productive forces empowered by data elements;(3)data elements has a multiplier effect in the process of new quality innovation and labor skill structure promoting the development of enterprise new quality productive forces;(4)the enabling effect of data elements is only obvious in highly competitive,high-tech and non-heavy pollution industries,and is more effective in regions with complete digital infrastructure,high level of data talent agglomeration and open data.According to the derived conclusions,data elements exert multiple influences on the development of new high-quality productive

关 键 词：数据要素 新质生产力 新质创新 劳动力技能结构 乘数效应 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]