基于多波束地形测量的近海海域海底地形垄沟畸变校正方法研究  

Research on ridge distortion correction method of multi-beam topographic survey based on feature terrain extraction in offshore waters

作　　者：洪伟 申焕 池典赐 李树强 HONG Wei;SHEN Huan;CHI Dianci;LI Shuqiang(Guangdong Provincial Marine Development Planning and Research Center,Guangzhou 510220,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省海洋发展规划研究中心,广东广州510220

出　　处：《经纬天地》2025年第2期1-5,共5页Survey World

摘　　要：换能器横向偏差、声速剖面数据误差以及边缘波束角偏差等误差,会导致多波束系统测量的海底地形数据产生“垄沟”状畸变,在需要进行地形夸张表达的应用场景无法忽视其影响。针对近海海域海底地形的特征,通过“保留重要点”法提取地形特征点、深度优先搜索算法分割点集、凸包算法确定边界、多面函数法地形拟合以及克里金插值法格网拼接和平滑等方法,完成对多波束测量海底地形DEM成果的畸变处理。试验结果表明:该方法在保留特征地形的同时消除了大部分“垄沟”状畸变,在诸如海底实景三维系统等应用场景中能够很好地消除视觉误差。Errors from transverse deviation of transducers,sound velocity profile data and edge beam angle deviation can cause"ridge-and-furrow"distortions in seabed topography data measured by multi-beam systems.These distortions cannot be ignored in application scenarios requiring exaggerated terrain representation.To address the characteristics of seabed topography in offshore areas,a series of methods including the"significant point retention"for extracting terrain feature points,depth-first search algorithm for point set segmentation,convex hull algorithm for boundary determination,multi-surface function method for terrain fitting and Kriging interpolation for grid stitching and smoothing,collectively completed the distortion correction of DEM results from multibeam seabed topography measurements.Experimental results show that this approach effectively eliminates most of the"ridge-andfurrow"distortions while preserving characteristic terrain features.It performs well in application scenarios such as 3D seabed visualization systems and significantly reduces visual errors.

关 键 词：多波束测量 地形特征点 地形畸变 点集分割 克里金插值 

分 类 号：P229.1[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]