乌梁素海水质变化遥感监测及驱动力分析  

Remote sensing monitoring and driving force analysis for water quality changes in Wuliangsu sea

作　　者：付立君 马倩 FU Lijun;MA Qian(Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区测绘地理信息中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《经纬天地》2025年第2期91-95,共5页Survey World

摘　　要：利用1977—2020年9期Landsat系列中高分辨率卫星遥感影像,对乌梁素海各项水质参数进行了遥感反演,并结合历史资料以及周边人为活动因素,对乌梁素海的水质变化的驱动力进行分析。结果表明:1977—2020年,乌梁素海水体富营养化程度发生较大变化,总体呈现先增加后减少的趋势;1977—2009年,农田退水、工业废水等区域污染物排放量超过乌梁素海的水环境承载力,是该阶段导致乌梁素海水体富营养化程度持续上升的直接原因;2009年之后,在生态补水、控源减污和生态修复等综合措施的治理下乌梁素海水体富营养化程度逐步降低,但乌梁素海湖底污染物沉积严重,单靠生态补水这种外来“输血”的方式不能从根本上解决问题。The 9th Landsat series high-resolution satellite remote sensing images were used from 1977 to 2020,the remote sensing inversion of various water quality parameters in the Wuliangsu sea was carried out and the driving forces of water quality changes in the Wuliangsu sea were analyzed in combination with historical data and surrounding human activities.The results showed that from 1977 to 2020,a significant change has taken place in the degree of eutrophication in the Wuliangsu seawater,with an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing.From 1977 to 2009,the discharge of pollutants such as agricultural wastewater and industrial wastewater exceeded the water environmental carrying capacity of the Wuliangsu sea,which was the direct reason leading to the continuous increase in eutrophication of the Wuliangsu sea during this period.After 2009,the eutrophication level of Wuliangsu seawater gradually decreased under the comprehensive measures as ecological water replenishment,the pollution control,source reduction and ecological restoration.However,the sedimentation of pollutants at the Wuliangsuhai Lake bottom is severe and relying solely on ecological replenishment as an external"blood transfusion"cannot fundamentally solve the problem.

关 键 词：乌梁素海 水体富营养化 遥感监测 驱动力分析 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] TP75[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]