2012-2016年太平洋上空“射线状”云的特征分析  

Characteristic analyses of“Actinoform Clouds”over the Pacific Ocean from 2012 to 2016

作　　者：王茹茵 艾嘉本 陆长远 王政寓 陈浩涵 孙维康 傅刚 WANG Ruyin;AI Jiaben;LU Changyuan;WANG Zhengyu;CHEN Haohan;SUN Weikang;FU Gang(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛海洋科技中心海洋动力过程与气候功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2025年第2期62-75,共14页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3004204);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42275001)。

摘　　要：利用美国国家航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA)提供的Aqua和Terra卫星可见光云图和地球静止环境卫星(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites,GOES)红外卫星云图、欧洲中期天气预报中心提供的ERA5再分析数据(时间间隔为1 h,水平分辨率为0.25°×0.25°),对2012—2016年发生在太平洋上空439个“射线状”云的特征进行分析。结果表明,“射线状”云多呈近似圆形或椭圆形,有明显的云系中心和清晰的辐射状径向云臂,云臂通常自云系中心向四周发散,形状如古代车轮。统计分析指出,约85%的“射线状”云个例发生在南半球,其中绝大多数“射线状”云发生在东南太平洋的秘鲁沿岸。全年皆有“射线状”云发生,6、7、8月为“射线状”云高频发生月份,5、9、10月为中频发生月份,1、2、3、4、11、12月为低频发生月份。大气逆温层对“射线状”云有重要影响,云系内部以上升运动为主,部分“射线状”云个例呈旋转形态,上升与下沉运动会影响云系结构。In this paper,the MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)data carried on Aqua and Terra satellites,GOES(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite)infrared satellite cloud imagery provided by NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)and ERA5(the fifth generation)global reanalysis data issued by ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)with hourly time interval and horizontal resolution of 0.25°×0.25°are used to analyze the characteristics and geographical distribution of a total of 439“Actinoform Clouds”over the Pacific Ocean from 2012 to 2016.The results show that most of the“Actinoform Clouds”exhibit nearly circular or elliptical shapes,with an obvious center of cloud system and clear radical arms extending from the center to outside,which look like a wheel in ancient times.The statistical analysis indicates that about 85%of the“Actinoform Clouds”occur over the Southern Hemisphere,and most of them occur over the Southeast Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru.“Actinoform Clouds”occur throughout the whole year.High frequency of such clouds is observed in June,July and August,medium frequency in May,September and October,and low frequency in January,February,March,April,November and December,respectively.The atmospheric inversion layer has important impact on the formation and dissipation of the“Actinoform Clouds”,and the interior of the cloud system is dominated by upward motion;some of the“Actinoform Clouds”exhibit rotation patterns;the upward and downward motions affect the structure of the cloud system.

关 键 词：“射线状”云 太平洋上空 时空分布 统计分析 大气逆温层 

分 类 号：P426.52[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]