ENSO准周期运动的初步理论分析  

Preliminary theoretical approach on quasi-periodic motion of ENSO

作　　者：陈茂强 刘春 陈泓吾 张凤鸣 赵云龙 宁子硕 CHEN Maoqiang;LIU Chun;CHEN Hongwu;ZHANG Fengming;ZHAO Yunlong;NING Zishuo(Neijiang Meteorological Service,Neijiang 641000,China;Liaoyang Meteorological Service,Liaoyang 111010,China;Ya’an Meteorological Service,Ya’an 625000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江市气象局,四川内江641000 [2]辽阳市气象局,辽宁辽阳111010 [3]雅安市气象局,四川雅安625000

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2025年第2期99-117,共19页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41675095,41730959)。

摘　　要：以一阶近似地转效应的浅水方程为基础,通过多尺度和摄动近似的方法,分析低纬海气耦合系统的非线性开尔文(Kelvin)波和罗斯贝(Rossby)波的相互作用。研究结果表明:(1)在没有风应力作用时,耦合波振幅较小,Kelvin波和Rossby波的振幅呈准周期变化,这种准周期变化是两种类型波各自的扭结效应和二者的非线性效应共同作用的结果。(2)在有风应力作用时,Kelvin波呈准周期振荡,Rossby波呈非周期振荡,这种准周期与非周期振荡的叠加效应体现了厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino-Southern Oscillation,ENSO)周期性不强的准周期振荡特征。(3)在ENSO运动中,Kelvin波和Rossby波一直存在,由于相互的非线性作用,二者在不同阶段体现出不同的状态,总体为:蛰伏(酝酿)→增长→衰减→蛰伏(酝酿)。Based on the first-order shallow water equation with approximate geostrophic effect,the interaction between nonlinear Kelvin and Rossby waves in the low-latitude air-sea coupling system is analyzed by using multi-scale and perturbation approximation methods.The results are listed below.(1)When there is no wind stress,the amplitude of the coupling wave is small,and the amplitudes of Kelvin and Rossby waves are quasi periodic.This quasi-periodic change is the result of the kink effect and the nonlinear effect of the two types of waves.(2)When there is wind stress,Kelvin wave oscillates quasi periodically,Rossby wave oscillates aperiodically,and this superposition effect of quasi-periodic and aperiodic oscillations reflects the quasi-periodic oscillation characteristics of ENSO(El Nino-Southern Oscillation)with weak periodicity.(3)In the ENSO movement,Kelvin and Rossby waves always exist.Due to the nonlinear interaction,they show different states at different stages,namely dormancy(brewing)-growth-attenuation-dormancy(brewing)as a whole.

关 键 词：KELVIN波 ROSSBY波 准周期运动 物理机制 ENSO 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]