农村老年慢性病患者感知健康能力的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究  

Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of perceived health competence among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases

作　　者：左玲[1] 邹如意 陈湘军 刘丽萍 王文杰 石章杰 王冬华[1] ZUO Ling;ZOU Ruyi;CHEN Xiangjun;LIU Liping;WANG Wenjie;SHI Zhangjie;WANG Donghua(School of Nursing,Changsha Medical University,Changsha 410219,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙医学院护理学院,长沙市410219

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2025年第4期347-353,共7页Journal of Nursing Administration

摘　　要：目的分析农村老年慢性病患者感知健康能力潜在剖面及不同类别的影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、感知健康能力量表、婚姻特定侵犯宽恕量表和主动控制感量表调查湖南省及广东省6个村庄的422例农村老年慢性病患者,运用潜在剖面分析建立了3个农村老年慢性病患者感知健康能力潜在类别模型,采用无序多元Logistic回归分析探讨农村老年慢性病患者感知健康能力潜在类别的影响因素。结果农村老年慢性病患者感知健康能力分为“中感知健康能力组”(13.74%)、“感知健康能力不均衡组”(19.43%)、“高感知健康能力组”(66.82%)3个潜在类别,影响因素为年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、服药数量、婚姻宽恕和主动控制感。结论农村老年慢性病患者的感知健康能力存在显著个体差异,提示医护人员可根据不同类别农村老年慢性病患者的感知健康能力水平,制订针对性的干预措施,重视配偶在老年慢性病患者疾病康复过程中的重要性,加强农村慢性病管理和知识普及,提升患者管理自身健康的能力和信念感。Objective To analyze the latent profile of perceived health competence of elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas and influencing factors of different categories.Methods A total of 422 rural elderly patients with chronic diseases in 6 villages in Hu'nan and Guangdong Province were surveyed using the general information questionnaire,the Perceived Health Competence Scale,the Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale and Sense of Agency Scale.Three latent categories of perceived health competence of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases were established by latent profile analysis,and disordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of latent categories of perceived health competence of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases.Results The perceived health competence of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases was divided into three latent categories:"medium perceived health competence group"(13.74%),"unbalanced perceived health competence group"(19.43%)and"high perceived health competence group"(66.82%).The influencing factors were age,education level,marital status,occupation,number of medications,marital forgiveness and sense of agency.Conclusion There are significant individual differences in the perceived health competence among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases,suggesting that medical staff can formulate targeted interventions according to the perceived health competence levels of different types of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases,pay attention to the importance of spouses in the process of disease rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic diseases,strengthen the management and knowledge popularization of chronic diseases in rural areas,and enhance patients'ability and sense of belief in managing their own health.

关 键 词：感知健康能力 婚姻宽恕 主动控制感 农村老年人 慢性病 患者 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]