基于MIKE21模型的张掖国家湿地公园水环境容量  

Water Environment Capacity Study of Zhangye National Wetland Park Based on MIKE21 Modeling

作　　者：曹恩桓 康永德 蒋政权[1] 金建鑫 刘维娟 张翔 CAO En-huan;KANG Yong-de;JIANG Zheng-quan;JIN Jian-xin;LIU Wei-juan;ZHANG Xiang(Guangxi Normal University,College of History,Culture and Tourism,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China;Lanzhou University of Technology,College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Gansu Province Academy of Qilian Water Resource Conservation Forests Research Institute,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Ganzhou District Hei River Wetlands National Nature Reserve Administration,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,广西桂林541000 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [4]甘州区黑河湿地国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2025年第2期2-9,23,共9页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金青年基金项目(22JR5RA282);甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院博士后科研工作站专项(20221231)。

摘　　要：水环境容量是湿地公园水生态系统完整性和功能性保护研究的重要方法之一。基于张掖国家湿地公园的水功能区划和实际水质监测数据,采用MIKE21二维水动力水质模型,选取综合反映研究区域水体水环境质量状况的氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、化学需氧量(COD)、五日生化需氧量(BOD_(5))、总磷(TP)和总氮(TN)5个水质指标,模拟评估了湿地公园的未来有效理论水环境容量。结果表明:湿地公园内水体5种污染物平均分布浓度均未超过国家II类标准。湿地公园内NH_(3)-N的水环境容量为12.4~13.6 t·a^(-1),COD的水环境容量为256~352 t·a^(-1),BOD_(5)的水环境容量为44~66 t·a^(-1),TP的水环境容量为2.28~2.76 t·a^(-1),TN的水环境容量为8.0~14.4 t·a^(-1)。研究结果可为人类活动影响下的湿地公园以及湿地生态旅游区生态系统健康稳定性评价和环境承载力研究提供借鉴。Water environment capacity is one of the most important methods for aquatic ecosystem's integrity and functionality protecting study in wetland parks.We adopted the MIKE21 two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model and selected five water quality indicators,namely ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),chemical oxygen demand(COD),five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD_(5)),total phosphorus(TP),and total nitrogen(TN)which can comprehensively reflect the water quality condition of the water bodies,to simulate and evaluate the Zhangye National Wetland Park's future effective theoretical water environment capacity based on the water function zoning and actual water quality monitoring data of,the wetland park.The assessment indicates that,overall,the average concentrations of five pollutants in the water bodies of Zhangye National Wetland Park remain below the national Class II standards,reflecting the park's commitment to maintaining water quality through ongoing ecological restoration and management efforts.The water environment capacity of NH_(3)-N is between 12.4~13.6 t·a^(-1),COD is between 256~352 t·a^(-1),BOD_(5) is between 44~66 t·a^(-1),TP is between 2.28~2.76 t·a^(-1),and TN is between 8.0~14.4 t·a^(-1) in the wetland park.The results provide a reference for evaluation of ecosystem health and stability of wetland parks and environmental carrying capacity research of wetland ecotourism zones impact of human activities in China.

关 键 词：MIKE21 水环境容量 水质监测 湿地公园 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]