基于OECMs的一般湿地法律保护机制构建  

Construction of General Wetland Legal Protection Mechanism Based on OECMs

作　　者：张欣颖 晋海[1] ZHANG Xin-ying;JIN Hai(School of Law,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学法学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2025年第2期78-82,共5页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(22BFX129);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(B240207104)。

摘　　要：“其他有效的区域保护措施(OECMs)”为全球生物多样性保护带来了新的转机,成为与“自然保护地(PAs)”国际地位相当的就地保护措施。通过对我国部分典型案例的分析,可以发现OECMs利于一般湿地保护且具备实践基础,主要表现为社区保护地、自然保护小区、湿地公园等形式。然而,当前OECMs存在诸多本土化发展困境,包括国际OECMs体系难以融入我国一般湿地保护制度、现行制度对湿地保护规划目标支持不足、OECMs纵深发展缺乏激励机制与政策扶持等。对此,应当立足一般湿地法律保护的实践需要,认识OECMs的重要性与必要性,积极借鉴国际经验,构建多方参与的配套管理运行机制,以助力实现“3030目标”。Other Effective Conservation Measures(OECMs)have brought about a new turnaround in global biodiversity conservation,becoming in situ conservation measures on a par with the international status of Protected Areas of Nature(PAs).Through the analysis of some typical cases,it can be found that OECMs are beneficial to general wetland conservation in China and have a practical basis,mainly in the form of Indigenous and Community Conserved Area,Mini Reserve and Wetland Parks.However,there are many localised development dilemmas for OECMs,such as the challenge of harmonizing the international OECMs framework with China's general wetland protection system,the inadequate backing from existing mechanisms for wetland conservation planning goals,and the scarcity of motivations and governmental backing for the further advancement of OECMs.In this regard,it is better to recognise the importance and necessity of OECMs based on the needs of general wetland legal protection practice,actively draw on international experience,construct a supporting management and operation mechanism with multi-party participation,so as to help realise the‘3030 goal’.

关 键 词：OECMs 一般湿地 生物多样性 法律保护机制 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]