静态推靠机械式垂钻工具动静盘阀设计及缝隙流分析  

Design of Dynamic and Static Disc Valves in Static Thrust-Type Mechanical Vertical Drilling Tool and Clearance Flow Analysis

作　　者：马广军 唐章伟 孙峰 MA Guangjun;TANG Zhangwei;SUN Feng(State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development,Beijing,102206,China;Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,102206,China;Hunan Province Geological Disaster Survey and Monitoring Institute,Changsha,Hunan,410029,China)

机构地区：[1]页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中石化石油工程技术研究院有限公司,北京102206 [3]湖南省地质灾害调查监测所,湖南长沙410029

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2025年第2期88-96,共9页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“复杂油气智能钻井理论与方法”(编号:2019YFA0708300);中国石化科技攻关项目“静态推靠机械式垂钻工具研制”(编号:P12075)资助。

摘　　要：为解决深井、超深井等钻井过程中复杂工况下防斜打直的技术难点,提出了可在高温、强振条件下经济、安全、可靠使用的静态推靠机械式垂钻工具的研制思路,计算了其关键组件动静盘阀组的摩阻力,采用有限元法分析了环阀间隙的流动,基于井眼高低边快速关断响应规律设计了环形阀的结构及流道,并使用全尺寸试验台架开展了ϕ177.8 mm静态推靠机械式垂钻工具地面水力台架试验。研究表明:为减小盘阀摩擦面积,将其设计为2层组合,上部设计异形孔和凸台,下部设计异形结构的旁流道;采用硬质合金材料整体成型技术,上下盘阀间隙控制在0.5 mm,上下盘阀凸台高度均控制在0.25 mm;地面台架试验结果表明,动静盘阀组导向分流正常,密封保压性能指标达到了预期设计要求。研究结果可为静态推靠机械式垂钻工具结构的设计优化提供依据。To solve the technical problem of anti-oblique drilling in the complex working conditions of deep wells and ultra-deep wells,the idea of developing a static thrust-type mechanical vertical drilling tool that can be used economically,safely,and reliably under the condition of high temperature and strong vibration was proposed.The friction resistance of the key components of the dynamic and static disc valve group was calculated,and the finite element analysis of the clearance flow of the ring valve was carried out.The ring valve structure and flow channel were designed based on the rapid shut-off response law of the high and low sides of the well,and the ground hydraulic bench test of theϕ177.8 mm static thrust-type mechanical vertical drilling tool was carried out using the full size test bench.The results show that to reduce the friction area of the disc valve,a combination of two layers is recommended.The upper part is designed with a special-shaped hole and boss,and the lower part is designed with a special-shaped bypass.The hard alloy material is used for integral molding.The clearance between the upper and lower disc valves is controlled at 0.5 mm,and the height of the boss of the upper and lower disc valves is controlled at 0.25 mm.Through the ground bench test,it is proved that the dynamic and static disc valve group can direct and shunt the water flow normally.The performance index of sealing and pressure-holding has reached the expected design requirements.The results can provide a reference for structural design optimization of static thrust-type mechanical vertical drilling tools.

关 键 词：静态推靠式 机械式 垂直钻井工具 盘阀 结构设计 缝隙流 水平台架试验 

分 类 号：TE921.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]