2008—2022年上海市崇明区新生儿低出生体重变化趋势及影响因素分析  

Trend and influencing factors of low birth weight among newborns in Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022

作　　者：史爱玉 顾天翼 徐燕 黄玉华 孙晓蕾 SHI Aiyu;GU Tianyi;XU Yan;HUANG Yuhua;SUN Xiaolei(Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai Chongming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 202150,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市崇明区疾病预防控制中心慢性病防制科,上海202150

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2025年第2期168-173,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】分析2008—2022年上海市崇明区新生儿低出生体重(LBW)的变化趋势及影响因素,为制定降低LBW发生率的干预措施提供相关依据。【方法】收集整理2008—2022年上海市崇明区出生监测数据,采用Joinpoint 5.0.2软件计算LBW年度变化百分比(APC)并进行趋势分析;采用logistic回归分析LBW的影响因素。【结果】2008—2022年上海市崇明区低出生体重儿发生率为3.71%。Joinpoint分析表示,崇明区低出生体重儿发生率呈上升趋势(APC=5.49%,95%CI:3.31%~7.72%,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,早产、多胎、女婴、有出生缺陷、初胎、初产、父亲低龄(<20岁)是低出生体重的影响因素(P<0.05)。在足月儿中,女婴、有出生缺陷、初胎是影响因素(P<0.05);在单胎儿中,女婴、有出生缺陷、初胎、初产、母亲高龄(≥35岁)、父亲低龄(<20岁)是影响因素(P<0.05)。【结论】上海市崇明区新生儿LBW发生率呈上升趋势。应识别高危人群,加强产前检查和孕期保健,降低新生儿低出生体重儿的发生风险。[Objective]To analyze the trend and influencing factors of low birth weight(LBW)among newborns in Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022,so as to provide references for the development of intervention measures reducing the rate of LBW.[Methods]Birth surveillance data of Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022 were collected and organized,and the annual percentage change(APC)of LBW was calculated by using Joinpoint 5.0.2 software for trend change analysis.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of LBW.[Results]The overall incidence of LBW was 3.71%in Chongming District,Shanghai from 2008 to 2022.Joinpoint trend analysis showed that the incidence of LBW in Chongming District had an upward trend(APC=5.49%,95%CI:3.31%‒7.72%,P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth,multiple births,female infants,birth defects,first pregnancy,primiparity,and a young father age(<20 years)were risk factors for LBW in Chongming District.Among the term infants,female infants,birth defects,and first pregnancy were risk factors for LBW(P<0.05).Female infants,birth defects,first pregnancy,primiparity,advanced maternal age(≥35 years),and a young father age(<20 years)were risk factors in singleton neonates.[Conclusion]The incidence of LBW among newborns is on the rise in Chongming District of Shanghai.Therefore,high risk groups need to be identified,and prenatal check-ups and pregnancy care should be strengthened to reduce the risk of neonatal LBW.

关 键 词：低出生体重 趋势分析 影响因素 新生儿 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]