激光增强不锈钢表面吸收率工艺及机制研究  

Investigation on the process and mechanism of laser enhanced surface absorptivity of stainless steel

作　　者：何荧 吕绪明 王怡龙 李飞阳 朱海红 HE Ying;LYU Xuming;WANG Yilong;LI Feiyang;ZHU Haihong(National Key Laboratory of Particle Transport and Separation Technology,Tianjin 300180,China;Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry,Tianjin 300180,China;Wuhan National Laboratory Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]粒子输运与富集技术全国重点实验室,天津300180 [2]核工业理化工程研究院,天津300180 [3]华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《激光技术》2025年第2期180-187,共8页Laser Technology

基　　金：粒子输运与富集技术全国重点实验室稳定支持项目(GZ-WZJC-2023-04)。

摘　　要：为了增强不锈钢表面红外波段的吸收率,采用纳秒光纤激光器对不锈钢板材表面进行改性处理,研究了工艺参数对烧蚀坑尺寸、表面粗糙度和黑度的影响以及激光增强不锈钢表面吸收率的机理,并提出了提高吸收率及生产效率的方法。结果表明,当其它工艺参数固定时,减小扫描速率却提高了搭接率,使得沟槽深度和试样表面粗糙度增大;不锈钢表面吸收率增强是具有陷光作用的微米级表面微结构和氧化发黑的综合作用结果,其中微结构陷光作用影响更大,吸收率与表面粗糙度正相关;当扫描间距很小时,由于在工件表面产生具有强烈陷光作用的凹凸不平的微米级微结构和热累积导致的氧化发黑,使得工件表面粗糙度及黑度大,吸收率可高达92%;当扫描间距合适时,烧蚀沟槽壁不会被下一道激光烧蚀,试样表面粗糙度大,可同时获得高吸收率和加工效率。该研究为高效率增强金属表面吸收率提供了新方法。In order to enhance the absorptivity of stainless steel surface in infrared band,nanosecond fiber laser was used to modify the morphology of stainless steel plate surface.The influences of process parameters on the geometrical dimensions of micro-crater,surface roughness and blackness were investigated systematically.The mechanism of laser enhanced absorptivity of stainless steel surface was obtained,and the method to improve the absorptivity and production efficiency was proposed.The results show that when other process parameters are fixed,the reduction of scanning speed leads to the overlap increase,inducing the depth of the micro-groove and the surface roughness of the sample increase.The mechanism of the absorptivity enhancement of stainless steel surface is the combined effect of laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)with light trapping effect and oxidation blackening,but the effect of light trapping of the LIPSS is more significant,therefore the absorptivity is proportional to the surface roughness Ra.When the scanning spacing is very small,the complex LIPSS with strong light trapping effect and the oxidation blackening caused by heat accumulation are produced,the surface roughness is very large,92%absorptivity of infrared wavelength can be achieved.When the scanning spacing is suitable,the edge of the ablated micro-groove is not ablated by the pulse laser of next micro-groove,the sample surface is enough rough,high absorption and productivity can be obtained simultaneously.This research proposes a method to enhance the absorption of the metal surface.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光增强吸收率 纳秒脉冲激光 不锈钢表面 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TG176[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]