谐波重构降噪算法在光电乐音探测中的应用  

Application of harmonic regeneration noise reduction algorithm in photoelectric musical sound detection

作　　者：张世雨 黄雪颖 廖鹏昊 张蓉竹[1] ZHANG Shiyu;HUANG Xueying;LIAO Penghao;ZHANG Rongzhu(College of Electronics and Information Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Orchestral Instruments Department,Sichuan Conservatory of Music,Chengdu 610021,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电子信息学院,成都610065 [2]四川音乐学院管弦系,成都610021

出　　处：《激光技术》2025年第2期227-232,共6页Laser Technology

基　　金：四川省重大科技专项基金资助项目(2019ZDZX0038)。

摘　　要：为了抑制乐音信号光电探测时的系统噪声并保留乐音的音色,提出了一种改进的谐波重构算法来进行降噪处理。首先计算信号的先验信噪比,并在此基础上构建用于降噪处理的维纳滤波器;然后针对乐音信号存在多个谐波分量的特征,提出了一种梳状滤波器的设计方案;对乐音信号功率谱进行逆傅里叶变换后,确定乐音信号在一个基音周期内的采样点数,并将其作为梳状滤波器的节点参数,由此完成乐音信号的谐波增强;通过先验信噪比的计算对降噪效果进行了理论分析,再通过实验验证得到了不同降噪算法的降噪效果。结果表明,该算法能够很好地进行降噪处理,在信噪比为-5 dB、0 dB和5 dB时,相较于传统谐波重构算法而言,降低乐音信号对数频谱畸变的性能提升了50%以上,能够很好地保留乐音信号的音色。该研究为不同类型乐器演奏中的音色分析及评价提供了参考。For the photoelectric detection technology of music signal,an improved harmonic reconstruction algorithm was proposed to reduce the system noise while retaining the timbre of music.Firstly,the priori signal-to-noise ratio of the signal was calculated,and Wiener filter for noise reduction processing was constructed.Then a comb filter design scheme was proposed to address the characteristic of multiple harmonic components in music signals.After performing the inverse Fourier transform on the power spectrum of the music signal,the number of sampling points within one fundamental period of the music signal was determined.The number of samples was used as the node parameter of the comb filter,and the harmonic enhancement of the music signal was thus accomplished.The noise reduction effect was theoretically analyzed through the calculation of the priori signal-to-noise ratio,and then the noise reduction effect of different noise reduction algorithms was obtained through experimental verification.The results show that the algorithm can perform denoising well.Compared with the traditional harmonic reconstruction algorithm,the performance of reducing the log-spectral distortion of music signal is improved by more than 50%when the signal-to-noise ratio is-5 dB,0 dB and 5 dB,and the timbre of the music signal can be well preserved.This study provides a reference for timbre analysis and evaluation in performances of different types of musical instruments.

关 键 词：信号处理 谐波重构 光电探测 乐音增强 梳状滤波 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]