激光超声在高压电缆检测中的应用研究  

Application of laser ultrasound in high voltage cable detection

作　　者：朱家豪 袁玲[1] 吴川彬 何文 张宏超[1] 陆健[1] ZHU Jiahao;YUAN Ling;WU Chuanbin;HE Wen;ZHANG Hongchao;LU Jian(Department of Information Physics,School of Physics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Hainan Power Grid Limited Liability Company,Haikou 570200,China;Guangdong Power Grid Limited Liability Company,Dongguan 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学物理学院信息物理系,南京210094 [2]海南电网有限责任公司,海口570200 [3]广东电网有限责任公司,东莞523000

出　　处：《激光技术》2025年第2期263-270,共8页Laser Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12374289)。

摘　　要：高压电缆在使用中会因环境问题造成断股损伤,现有检测技术不能满足在通电条件下对高压电塔上被卡箍包裹部分电缆断股损伤情况的检测。为了解决此问题,采用了非接触式激光超声检测手段对电缆断股损伤进行检测。对激光超声导波在高压电缆中传播的问题进行了理论研究,分析了高压电缆螺旋结构中小半径r、大半径R、轴向节距L等参数对频散曲线的影响;建立瞬态模型,对激光在无损电缆中激发超声导波的物理问题进行研究;使用B扫描与2维傅里叶变换信号分析手段,对螺旋结构基本阶模态L(0,1)、T(0,1)和F(1,1)的幅值大小和频散特性进行了分析。结果表明,在使用激光超声对高压电缆进行检测时,0 kHz~100 kHz频率范围内的L(0,1)和F(1,1)模态最合适作为检测模态。这一结果对利用非接触式激光超声技术对高压电缆进行无损检测的研究是有帮助的。Broken strand damage of the high-voltage cable may be caused due to environmental problems in use.And the existing detection technology cannot meet the requirements for detecting the broken strand damage of the part of the cable wrapped by the clamp on the high-voltage piezoelectric tower under the electrification condition.In order to solve the existing problems,laser ultrasound,a new non-contact laser ultrasonic detection method was adopted to detect the broken strand damage of a cable.The propagation of laser ultrasonic guided wave in high voltage cable was studied theoretically.The influence of small radius r,large radius R and axial pitch L on the dispersion curve of high voltage cable spiral structure was analyzed.A transient model was established to study the physical problem of laser excitation of ultrasonic guided waves in lossless cables.The amplitude and dispersion characteristics of the basic order modes L(0,1),T(0,1)and F(1,1)of helical structures were analyzed by means of B-scan and 2-D Fourier transform signal analysis.The results show that L(0,1),F(1,1)modes in the frequency range of 0 kHz~100 kHz are the most suitable detection modes when using laser ultrasound to detect high-voltage cables.This result is helpful to the research of non-destructive testing of high voltage cables by non-contact laser ultrasound technology.

关 键 词：测量与计量 无损检测 激光超声 高压电缆 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]