激光切割Q235钢板在救援破拆中的研究  

Research on rescue breaking of Q235 steel plate by laser cutting

作　　者：陈谦哲 刘列 韩良华 CHEN Qianzhe;LIU Lie;HAN Lianghua(School of Mechanical Engineer,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学机械工程学院,衡阳421001

出　　处：《激光技术》2025年第2期301-306,共6页Laser Technology

摘　　要：救援行动中对快速、高效破拆工具有巨大的需求,激光切割因其非接触式、高速度和高精度的特点而显示出巨大潜力。为了探究激光切割技术在救援破拆Q235钢板中的应用,以8 mm和15 mm厚度的Q235钢板为研究对象,采用高功率光纤激光器进行远距离切割实验,理论分析和实验验证了激光功率和切割速率对切割质量的影响。结果表明,对于8 mm厚钢板,激光头与工件距离为10 m、切割速率为2.00 mm/s、激光功率为10 kW时,切割效果最佳;对于15 mm厚钢板,激光头与工件距离为13 m、切割速率为2.25 mm/s、激光功率为13 kW时,切割效果最佳;硬度测试还揭示了激光功率对切割后材料硬度的影响,表明激光切割不仅改变了材料的几何形状,还可能影响其机械性能。这一结果对激光切割技术在救援破拆领域是有帮助的,并为实际应用提供了优化的工艺参数。There are a huge demand for fast and efficient demolition workers in rescue operations.Laser cutting showed great potential because of its characteristics of non-contact,high speed,and high precision.In order to explore the application of laser cutting technology in the rescue and demolition of Q235 steel plate,taking 8 mm and 15 mm thick Q235 steel plate as the research object,the high-power fiber laser was used for long-distance cutting experiment.The theoretical analysis and experiment verified the influence of laser power and cutting speed on the cutting quality.The results show that,for 8 mm thick steel plate,the optimal cutting effect can be obtained when the distance between the laser head and the workpiece is 10 m,the cutting speed is 2.00 mm/s,and the laser power is 10 kW,respectively;for 15 mm thick steel plate,the distance between the laser head and the workpiece is 13 m,the cutting speed is 2.25 mm/s,and the laser power is 13 kW.The hardness test results also reveal the influence of laser power on the hardness of the material after cutting,indicating that laser cutting not only changed the geometry of the material,but also may affect its mechanical properties.This result is helpful for the laser cutting technology in the field of rescue and demolition,and provides optimized process parameters for practical application.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光切割 碳钢板 救援破拆 工艺参数优化 

分 类 号：TG485[金属学及工艺—焊接] TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]