换热器封头应力分布的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation study on stress distribution of heat exchanger head

作　　者：殷香奎 李吉强 马帅 王战辉[2] 陈锦中 奚小艳 YIN Xiangkui;LI Jiqiang;MA Shuai;WANG Zhanhui;CHEN Jinzhong;XI Xiaoyan(Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co.Ltd.,Ji'nan 250013,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东电力工程咨询院有限公司,山东济南250013 [2]榆林学院化学与化工学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《化工科技》2025年第2期7-11,共5页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52362015);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230901375143505);陕西省教育厅项目(1506-21JK1015);榆林市科技计划项目(CXY-2021-104-01);榆林学院校企合作项目(H2023060373,H2023060418)。

摘　　要：运用ANSYS有限元分析法,对换热器球形封头和椭圆形封头进行应力分析,考察其内部周向应力和经向应力云图分布规律,对2种封头应力分布情况进行分析。结果表明,对于球形封头,在封头内部,应力基本没有变化,而且周向应力和经向基本相等,均为拉应力;在圆筒区域,应力变化比较复杂,出现最大应力,周向应力的最大值出现在封头和筒体的连接处;对于椭圆形封头,从顶点到赤道应力基本呈减小趋势,在赤道处出现压应力,最大应力出现在球形封头顶点位置,经向应力随着内压载荷的增大呈递增变化。所得结论对于换热器封头应力分析具有一定的参考意义。Using ANSYS finite element analysis method,stress analysis is carried out on the spherical and elliptical heads of heat exchangers.Firstly,the distribution law of the internal two-dimensional stress cloud map is examined.Secondly,the distribution of the internal two-dimensional stress of the two types of heads is analyzed.The conclusion is as follows:for spherical heads,there is basically no change in stress magnitude inside the head,and the circumferential stress and longitudinal stress are basically equal in magnitude,both of which are tensile stresses.In the cylindrical region,the stress changes are relatively complex,and the maximum stress occurs.The maximum value of circumferential stress occurs at the connection between the head and the cylinder.For elliptical heads,the stress decreases from the vertex to the equator,with compressive stress appearing at the equator and the maximum stress occurring at the vertex of the spherical head.The longitudinal stress increases with the increase of internal pressure load.The conclusion drawn has certain reference significance for stress analysis of heat exchanger heads.

关 键 词：封头 有限元分析 应力 

分 类 号：TQ051.3[化学工程]