煤系黏土岩对铀吸附的控制因素及机理  

Controlling factors and mechanisms of the uranium adsorption via coal-bearing claystone

作　　者：朱磊 刘成勇 古文哲 赵萌烨 刘治成 何志伟 丁自伟[2] 汪洋 ZHU Lei;LIU Cheng-yong;GU Wen-zhe;ZHAO Meng-ye;LIU Zhi-cheng;HE Zhi-wei;DING Zi-wei;WANG Yang(China Coal Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China;College of Energy Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;School of Geological Science and Resources,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤能源研究院有限责任公司,西安710054 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,西安710054 [3]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054

出　　处：《兰州大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期265-272,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42172043,42202148);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2022JQ-291)。

摘　　要：以黏土矿物含量较高的煤层夹矸为研究对象,利用X射线衍射和热分析手段,查明样品中黏土矿物类型及含量,采用静态吸附法研究铀酰离子在煤系黏土岩(CBC)中的吸附动力学特征,考察溶液初始浓度、 pH、吸附时间以及吸附温度对吸附效果的影响,探讨CBC对铀离子的吸附机理.结果表明,在一定初始浓度范围内,铀离子初始浓度与吸附量呈现良好的线性关系,最优铀离子质量浓度为3~5 mg/L;溶液pH=4~6时,CBC对溶液中铀具有较好的吸附效果,吸附率可达99%;CBC对铀的吸附为吸热反应,温度越高吸附效果越好;吸附机理研究表明CBC铀吸附过程为表面不均匀吸附且物理吸附和化学吸附并存,准二级吸附动力学方程和Freundlich等温吸附模型可以更好地描述其吸附过程.The uranium adsorption in coal-bearing claystone(CBC) is of great significance in identifying its storage pattern.We focused on coal gangue with a high clay mineral content as the research object,by primarily utilizing X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis techniques to identify the types and contents of clay minerals in the samples.Static adsorption methods were employed to investigate the adsorption kinetics of uranyl ions in CBC.The research scrutinized the impact of initial solution concentration,solution pH,adsorption duration and temperature on adsorption efficiency,additionally delving into the mechanisms governing uranyl ion adsorption by CBC.The results showed that,in a certain initial concentration range,the initial concentration of uranium ion had a good linear relationship with the adsorption capacity,and the optimum concentration of uranium ion was between 3 and 5 mg/L.When pH of the solution was 4 to 6,CBC had a good adsorption effect on uranium in the solution,and the adsorption rate could reach 99%.The adsorption of uranium on CBC was an endothermic reaction,with higher temperatures resulting in better adsorption efficiency.Research on the adsorption mechanism indicated that the adsorption process of uranium on CBC was inhomogeneous adsorption on the surface and coexistence of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.Pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics equation and Freundlich isothermal adsorption model could better describe the adsorption process.

关 键 词：煤系黏土岩 高岭石 铀离子 吸附控制因素 吸附动力学 

分 类 号：P624[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]