新技术重塑饲料原料质量,新原料重塑水产饲料质量和技术  

Reforming Quality of Feed Raw Materials with New Technologies,and Reforming Quality and Technology of Aquatic Feed with New Raw Materials

作　　者：叶元土[1] YE Yuantu(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition,School of Life Sciences,Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学生命科学学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第8期1-10,共10页Feed Industry

摘　　要：工业化酶解技术显著提高了原料的蛋白质消化利用率和肽含量,同时释放出更多的生物活性物质。工业化微生物发酵技术以无机碳源、无机氮源为原料,依赖菌株的生长生产了新型单细胞微生物蛋白质原料和单细胞微生物油脂(裂壶菌的油脂)原料。工业化的过滤技术、膜分离技术为酶解浆类原料的除杂、分级分离、纯化提供了技术支持。低温浓缩技术最大限度地保留了新原料中的热敏感物质、有效的生物活性物质。这些新饲料原料为促进水产动物生长速度和饲料效率、水产动物生理健康维护、水产动物食用价值保障提供了更多的生物活性物质的来源和技术保障。水产饲料以可消化蛋白质和肽为基础的营养与功能作用,为重塑水产饲料营养质量和功能质量提供了饲料原料保障和技术支持。发展低鱼粉、无鱼粉水产饲料是水产饲料技术发展的重要方向,新原料的高肽含量、强诱食功能、丰富的生物活性物质,尤其是来自海洋生物的生物活性物质、含高不饱和脂肪酸的微生物单细胞油脂等为此提供了有效的技术保障,拓展了水产饲料原料资源格局,也为水产饲料质量重塑和技术发展提供了可行的发展之路。Industrial enzymatic hydrolysis technology significantly improves the protein digestion utilization rate and peptide content of raw materials,while releasing more bioactive substances.Industrial microbial fer-mentation technology uses inorganic carbon and nitrogen sources as raw materials,and relies on the growth of bacterial strains to produce new single-cell microbial protein raw materials and single-cell microbial oil(oil from diatoms or fungi)raw materi-als.Industrial filtration technology and membrane separation technology are used for the classifica-tion,separation,and purification of effective substances in enzymatic hydrolysates.Low temperature concen-tration technology maximizes the retention of thermosensitive substances and effective bioactive substances in new raw materials.In the new raw materials produced by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation,there are many types and high contents of peptides,and many types and high contents of bioactive substances.Espe-cially from enzymatic hydrolysates of marine organisms,the bioactive substances and"unknown growth fac-tors"are more abundant,with a higher content of high unsaturated fatty acids.Single celled microorganisms(such as Schizochytrium sp.)produced by fermentation can serve as alternative raw materials for fish oil.The use of these raw materials in aquatic feed provides critical quality assurance and technical support for the development of low protein content feed,low fish meal or fish meal free aquatic products.It has also expanded the pattern of aquatic feed raw material resources and provided a feasible development path for the quality reform and technological development of aquatic feed.

关 键 词：工业化酶解技术 工业化发酵技术 酶解浆 生物活性物质 肽 水产饲料 

分 类 号：S816.15[农业科学—饲料科学]