饲用豆粕减量替代的研究进展及潜在途径展望  

Research Progress and Prospect on Potential Pathways for Soybean Meal Reduction and Substitution

作　　者：王心语 张国睿 赵永玉 胡希怡 杨燕 王慧 周振金 周世卿 韩成全 吕慎金 WANG Xinyu;ZHANG Guorui;ZHAO Yongyu;HU Xiyi;YANG Yan;WANG Hui;ZHOU Zhenjin;ZHOU Shiqing;HAN Chengquan;LYU Shenjin(College of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Linyi University,Shandong Linyi 276000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Wenchang Road of Laizhou,Yantai City,Shandong Laizhou 261400,China;Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Linyi 276012,China;Affiliated Animal Hospital of Linyi University,Shandong Linyi 276000,China;Shandong Sosheng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂276000 [2]烟台市莱州文昌路畜牧兽医站,山东莱州261400 [3]临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂276012 [4]临沂大学附属动物医院,山东临沂276000 [5]山东索圣农牧科技有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第8期163-172,共10页Feed Industry

基　　金：山东省牧草、羊产业技术体系临沂综合试验站项目[SDAIT-23-9、SDAIT-10-14];2019年山东省教育厅青创人才引育计划项目[2019025];山东省自然基金项目[ZR2023QC095、ZR2020QC179]。

摘　　要：豆粕是我国动物饲料中的主要蛋白质来源,其原料大豆高度依赖进口且来源地较为集中,使豆粕价格极易因国际局势紧张和气候灾害而剧烈波动,对我国饲粮安全造成潜在威胁并影响饲料价格稳定。近年来,农业农村部为保障饲粮安全及应对豆粕价格大幅上涨的现状,提出通过“提效减量、开源替代”方案减少饲用豆粕使用量,促进养殖业健康持续发展,并初显成效。文章从低蛋白质饲粮配方精准优化、杂粮杂粕替代豆粕、动物性及微生物性蛋白质原料的开发、豆粕酵解加工等方面综述了近年来豆粕减量替代的现行方案,并进一步从因地制宜挖掘潜在蛋白质原料替代资源及依托科技创新开发,提效减量新技术等角度展望了豆粕减量替代的潜在途径,以期为我国饲用豆粕提效减量及构建多元化饲用蛋白质饲料资源替代方案和潜在的非常规蛋白质饲料资源的开发提供参考。Soybean meal is the main source of protein in the feed,and its raw material,soybean,is highly dependent on imports and the import origin is relatively concentrated.This situation poses a potential threat to the safety of China's feed grains,and it makes the price of soybean meal more susceptible to international tensions and climate disasters and fluctuate significantly.In recent years,in order to ensure the safety of feed grains and to cope with the current situation of soybean meal prices,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has proposed to reduce the use of soybean meal for feeding through the"efficiency reduction,open-source substitution"program to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry,and initially reduced the use of soybean meal for feeding.This paper summarizes the current strategies of soybean meal reduction and substitution in recent years,based on the research progress of precise optimization of low-protein grain formulations,miscellaneous grains and miscellaneous meal protein substitution,the devel-opment of animal and microbial protein,soybean meal fermentation processing.This paper further discusses how to mine the potential protein substitution resources according to local conditions,as well as relying on scientific and technological innovation to develop new technologies to improve feed conversion efficiency and reduce the use of soybean meal,so as to prospect the potential ways of soybean meal reduction and sub-stitution.Therefore,it provides a theoretical basis for improving efficiency and reducing the amount of soy-bean meal used in feeding and constructing diversified feeding protein source substitution programs,as well as provides new ideas for the development of potential unconventional protein feed resources in China.

关 键 词：豆粕 减量替代 饲粮安全 现行方案 潜在途径 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]