巨厚含水关键层下防冲控水小盘区大煤柱布局模式  

Layout model of small panel and large coal pillar for rock-burst prevention and water control under extra-thick and water-bearing key strata

作　　者：曹安业 高孝鹏[3] 张宁 窦林名 赵卫卫[2] 张金魁 宋士康 CAO Anye;GAO Xiaopeng;ZHANG Ning;DOU Linming;ZHAO Weiwei;ZHANG Jinkui;SONG Shikang(School of Geology and Mining Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Ansteel Group Mining Co.,Ltd.,Anshan 114001,China;Shaanxi Zhengtong Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]鞍钢集团矿业有限公司,辽宁鞍山114001 [4]陕西正通煤业有限责任公司,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2025年第2期32-44,共13页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3004603);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274098,U21A20110);江苏省创新支撑计划国际科技合作/港澳台科技合作−重点国别产业技术研发合作资助项目(BZ2023050)。

摘　　要：彬长矿区煤层上方赋存着巨厚含水关键层,在盘区开采尺度较大时极易破断失稳诱发冲击,同时导致盘区涌水量激增。采用小盘区大煤柱布局模式可提高主关键层的稳定性,但目前针对巨厚含水关键层下小盘区大煤柱布局模式的研究仍不够完善。因此,以彬长某矿二、三盘区为工程背景,通过理论分析、现场实测及数值模拟等方法,研究了盘区隔离煤柱宽度及盘区开采尺度的合理取值范围。结果表明:①从盘区隔离煤柱与主关键层的稳定性出发,分别建立盘区隔离煤柱应力分析模型与主关键层挠曲变形模型,推导得出当前开采尺度下盘区隔离煤柱失稳临界宽度为257 m,三盘区主关键层破断失稳临界开采尺度为537 m;②当前开采尺度下,二盘区上方裂隙发育至主关键层中部,主关键层存在破断失稳的风险,随着盘区隔离煤柱留设宽度增加,三盘区上覆岩层破断发育高度降低,为保证三盘区上方主关键层的稳定,盘区隔离煤柱至少留设225 m;③盘区隔离煤柱区域应力集中及能量积聚程度与盘区隔离煤柱宽度成正相关关系,与三盘区开采尺度成负相关关系,综合考虑煤柱承载能力与煤炭资源采出率,盘区隔离煤柱的合理宽度为210~270 m,留设宽为210、240 m盘区隔离煤柱时,三盘区的合理开采尺度分别为490~550 m,640~700 m;④现场实践表明,该矿二、三盘区隔离煤柱实际留设宽度小于合理宽度,盘区隔离煤柱区域应力集中程度较高,因此采用顶板深孔爆破与煤层大直径钻孔进行卸压,采取卸压措施后,有效降低了盘区隔离煤柱区域的应力集中程度,卸压效果显著。The overlying extra-thick and water-bearing key strata perplex the safe underground coal mining in Binchang mining area.When the mining scale of the panel is large,the breaking and instability of key strata leads to rock burst and a surge in water inflow at the same time in the panel.The layout mode of small panels and large coal pillars can improve the stability of the key strata,but the research on the layout model of small panels and large coal pillars under extra-thick and water-bearing key strata is still limited.Taking the second and third panels of a mine in Binchang as the engineering background,reasonable width of the panel and coal pillars were studied through theoretical analysis,field measurement and numerical simulation.Considering the stability of the panel,isolated coal pillar and the main key strata,a stress analysis model of coal pillar and the flexural deformation model of the main key strata are established,respectively.Accordingly,the critical instability width of panel isolated coal pillar in the current mining scale is 257 m,and the critical mining scale for breaking and instability of the main key strata in the small panel is 537 m.Under the current mining scale,the fractures above the second panel develop to the middle of the main key strata,and the main key strata show the risk of breaking and instability.With the width of isolated coal pillar of the panel increase,the fracture development height of the overlying strata in the third panel decreases.To ensure the stability of the main key strata above the third panel,the panel isolated coal pillar should be set at least 225 m.The stress concentration and energy accumulation degree isolated coal pillar of panel are positively correlated with the width of the isolated coal pillar,but negatively correlated with the mining scale of the small panel.Considering the bearing capacity of coal pillar and the recovery rate of coal resources,the reasonable width of isolated coal pillar is 210-270 m,and when the width is 210 m and 240 m,the reasonable

关 键 词：冲击地压 巨厚含水关键层 隔离煤柱宽度 盘区开采尺度 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]