宽负荷高效汽轮机通流气动性能数值验证及试验分析  

Numerical verification and experimental analysis of flow performance of full-load high-efficiency steam turbine

作　　者：王荣 肖梁 李云浩 白雅琴 邵峰 WANG Rong;XIAO Liang;LI Yunhao;BAI Yaqin;SHAO Feng(Inner Mongolia Jinglong Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Ulanqab 012000,China;Guoneng Nanjing Power Experimental Research ICL,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古京隆发电有限责任公司,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [2]国能南京电力试验研究有限公司,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《能源工程》2025年第2期70-76,共7页Energy Engineering

摘　　要：在当前新型电力系统构建背景下,新能源比例持续提升,其随机性、波动性和反调峰特性,迫使燃煤机组长时间处于调峰状态。煤电机组参与深度调峰时,其发电效率大幅下降,煤耗成本、机组损耗成本和环境附加成本大幅提高,汽轮机性能恶化尤为严重,深调负荷时汽轮机热耗率大幅上升。为解决该项技术难题,本文采用数值验证与试验分析相结合的方法,以某电厂660 MW超临界机组汽轮机为研究对象,对该汽轮机的高、中、低压缸开展了宽负荷工况数值模拟,并完成了通流气动性能变化趋势的深入研究。研究结果表明,高、中、低压缸效率随负荷降低而逐渐下降,负荷深调至30%以下,低压缸鼓风现象明显,低压末级叶片做负功,对机组性能影响很大。为减少负荷深调时低压缸鼓风损失,需在设计和改造时选择末级短叶片,并在运行过程中尽量降低机组背压。In the current context of new power system construction,the proportion of new energy continues to increase,and its stochastic,fluctuating and anti-peaking characteristics force coal-fired units to be in a peaking state for a long time.When coal-fired power units are involved in deep peaking,their power generation efficiency decreases dramatically,the cost of coal consumption,the cost of unit loss and the environmental additional cost increase dramatically,and the deterioration of the turbine performance is particularly serious,and the heat consumption rate of the turbine rises dramatically when the load is deeply shifted.In order to solve this technical problem,a combination of numerical validation and experimental analysis was adopted to take the turbine of a 660MW supercritical unit in a power plant as the research object,carry out numerical simulations of the high,medium and low pressure cylinders of the turbine under wide load conditions,and complete an in-depth study on the trend of changes in the through-flow aerodynamic performance.The results show that the efficiency of high,medium and low-pressure cylinders decreases gradually with the load reduction,and when the load is deeply adjusted to less than 30%,the low-pressure cylinder blowing phenomenon is obvious and the low-pressure final stage blades do negative work,which has a great impact on the performance of the unit.In order to reduce the loss of low-pressure cylinder blowing when the load is deeply adjusted,it is necessary to select the short blade of the last stage in the design and modification,and to reduce the back pressure of the unit as much as possible in the operation process.

关 键 词：深度调峰 汽轮机热耗率 数值模拟 通流气动性能 低压缸鼓风 

分 类 号：TK210[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]