2种饵料模式对河蟹肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺营养组成及含量的影响  

Effects of two feeding patterns on nutrient composition and content of muscle,hepatopancreas and gonads of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：史家源 徐洁 张鑫[1] 邢秀梅 付龙龙 王安然 苗淑彦[1] SHI Jiayuan;XU Jie;ZHANG Xin;XING Xiumei;FU Longlong;WANG Anran;MIAO Shuyan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Nanjing Gucheng Lake Chinese Mitten Crab Industry Technology Research InstituteCompanyLimited,Nanjing211300,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]南京固城湖河蟹产业技术研究院有限公司,南京211300

出　　处：《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2025年第1期61-69,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University:Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2023301)。

摘　　要：为研究不同饵料模式对河蟹可食部位营养品质的影响,开展为期4个月的养殖试验,设置全程投喂配合饲料(T1)、前期投喂配合饲料+后期投喂冰鲜鱼(T2)2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只雄蟹和15只雌蟹。结果表明:雄蟹中,T1、T2组肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺营养成分含量均无显著差异;雌蟹中,T1组肌肉水分和粗蛋白质含量显著高于T2组,而粗脂肪含量显著低于T1组。雌蟹肝胰腺中水分含量以T2组最低(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量以T2组最高(P<0.05),在雌蟹性腺中,T1、T2组各营养成分含量均无显著差异;雄蟹肌肉中,T1组谷氨酸含量显著高于T2组,丝氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸、异亮氨酸含量均显著低于T2组。雄蟹性腺中,T1组蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸和赖氨酸含量显著高于T2组,天冬氨酸含量显著低于T2组。雄蟹肝胰腺中,T1组天冬氨酸和蛋氨酸含量显著高于T2组,半胱氨酸含量显著低于T2组。雌蟹肌肉中,T1组丝氨酸和半胱氨酸含量同样显著低于T2组。雌蟹性腺中,T1组蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸和异亮氨酸含量均显著高于T2组。雌蟹肝胰腺中,T1组蛋氨酸含量显著低于T2组,半胱氨酸含量显著高于T2组。其余各组多不饱和脂肪酸总量均无显著差异,而T1组雄蟹各组织和雌蟹性腺、肝胰腺均显著高于T2组。综上,全程投喂配合饲料更有利于河蟹体内多不饱和脂肪酸的积累,能显著提高雌蟹肌肉和肝胰腺粗脂肪含量,但雌蟹肌肉粗蛋白质含量偏低。In order to study the effects of different feeding patterns on the nutritional quality of the edible parts of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis),a four-month culture experiment was conducted.Two groups were set up as group T1(compound feed),and group T2(compound feed+frozen fresh fish),with three replicates in each group,15 male and15 female crabs in each replicate.The results showed that there was no significant difference in muscle,hepatopancreas and gonadal nutrient levels in male crabs between group T1 and T2,while in female crabs,muscle moisture and crude protein contents in group T2 were significantly higher than those in group T1,and crude lipid content was significantly lower than that in group T1.Meanwhile,the moisture content of the hepatopancreas in female crabs was lowest in group T2(P<0.05),while the crude lipid content was highest in group T2(P<0.05).In the gonads of female crabs,there was no significant difference in nutrient composition between groups T1 and T2;in the muscles of male crabs,the glutamic acid content in group T1 was significantly higher than that in group T2,while the contents of serine,threonine,valine,methionine,cysteine,and isoleucine were all significantly lower in group T1 than those in group T2.In the gonads of male crabs,the contents of methionine,phenylalanine,and lysine were significantly higher in group T1 than in group T2,while the content of aspartic acid was significantly lower in group T1 than that in group T2.In the hepatopancreas of male crabs,the contents of aspartic acid and methionine in group T1 was significantly higher than that in group T2,while the content of cysteine was significantly lower than that in group T2.In the muscle of female crabs,the content of serine and cysteine in group T1 was also significantly lower than those in group T2.In the gonad of female crabs,the content of methionine,cysteine and isoleucine in group T1 was significantly higher than those in group T2.In the hepatopancreas of female crabs,the content of methionine in group T1 was

关 键 词：河蟹 饵料模式 配合饲料 冰鲜鱼 营养品质 

分 类 号：S963.1[农业科学—水产养殖] S966.16[农业科学—水产科学]