滴灌施氮联合生物炭对设施辣椒光合特性和产量的影响  

Effects of drip nitrogen fertigation combined with biochar on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of facility pepper

作　　者：胡晨曦 杨剑婷 张杰 祁建波[1,2] 缪宏 陈学好 陈以博 张永泰[1] 张永吉[1,2] HU Chenxi;YANG Jianting;ZHANG Jie;QI Jianbo;MIAO Hong;CHEN Xuehao;CHEN Yibo;ZHANG Yongtai;ZHANG Yongji(l.Liriahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou 225007,China;Yangzhou Nongke Agricultural Development Company Limited,Yangzhou 225007,China;Yangzhou Hanjiang District Agricultural Products Quality Supervision and Testing Center,Yangzhou 225101,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007 [2]扬州农科农业发展有限公司,江苏扬州225007 [3]扬州市邗江区农产品质量监督检测中心,江苏扬州225101 [4]扬州大学园艺园林学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2025年第1期132-140,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University:Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021330);江苏蔬菜产业技术体系建设专项[JATS(2023)246];江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所科研发展专项[SJ(22)111]。

摘　　要：为明确滴灌施氮联合生物炭对设施辣椒光合特性及产量的影响,采用2因素随机区组设计,设置2个水氮[沟灌施氮(NF)、滴灌施氮(ND)]和2个生物炭[不添加生物炭(B0)、添加生物炭(B1)]处理,研究其对辣椒产量、生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:较之NFB0,NFB1、NDB0、NDB1等处理组合可提高辣椒各生育阶段干物质积累速率,从而提高产量,其中NDB1提高幅度最大(41.65%)。上述3个处理组合亦可提高辣椒盛果期单株叶面积、叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率、气孔导度、最大光化学效率和实际光化学效率等,同时降低叶片胞间二氧化碳浓度,改善植物光合特性,其中以NDB1处理组合改善效果最好。辣椒产量与叶片胞间二氧化碳浓度呈显著负相关,与上述其他指标均呈显著正相关。综上,滴灌施氮联合生物炭通过改善植株光合特性以促进辣椒生长,从而提高产量,且效果优于单独滴灌施氮或生物炭施加。In order to clarify the effects of drip nitrogen fertigation combined with biochar on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of facility pepper.A two-factor randomized block design was used to study the effects of water and nitrogen management treatments[furrow nitrogen fertigation(N_F),drip nitrogen fertigation(N_D)]and biochar treatments[no biochar addition(B_0),biochar addition(B_1)]on yield,growth and photosynthetic characteristics of pepper by facility field experiment.The results showed that compared with N_FB_0,N_FB_1,N_DB_0 and N_DB_1 increased dry matter accumulation rate of pepper during each growth period,resulted in increased yield,and N_DB_1 increased the most(41.65%).Meanwhile,N_FB_1,N_DB_0 and N_DB_1 increased leaf area per plant,leaf SPAD,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,maximum photochemical efficiency and actual photochemical efficiency at the full fruit stage of pepper,and reduced intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,resulted in improved plant photo synthetic characteristics,and the improvement effect of N_DB_1 was the best.Pepper yield was significantly negatively correlated with leaf intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,and significantly positively correlated with the other indexes mentioned above.In conclusion,drip nitrogen fertigation combined with biochar improved plant photosynthetic characteristics to promote pepper growth,resulted in increased yield,and the improvement effect of drip nitrogen fertigation combined with biochar was greater than that of solo drip nitrogen fertigation and biochar addition.

关 键 词：辣椒 滴灌施氮 生物炭 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]