“十五五”时期深化养老服务改革发展的总体走向、现实困境及其实践路径  

The Overall Trend,Current Predicaments and Practical Pathsof Deepening the Reform and Development of Elderly Care ServicesDuring the Period of the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030)

作　　者：陆杰华[1,2] 冯雨欣 LU Jiehua;FENG Yuxin(Center for Sociological Research and Development Studies of China;Department of Sociology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学1.中国社会与发展研究中心,北京100871 [2]社会学系,北京100871

出　　处：《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期27-36,共10页Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国人口长期均衡发展关键问题研究”(编号:22JJD840001)。

摘　　要：深化养老服务改革发展既是落实积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的客观要求,也是迈向全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程的一项重大举措,在改革发展全局中具有优先级和重要性。近年来,我国养老服务改革发展总体呈现从碎片式走向体系化、从政府兜底走向社会多元供给、从局部探索走向整体布局、从数量增长走向质量提升、从财政支持走向多要素赋能的趋势。在取得一定成效的同时,制约我国当下深化养老服务改革发展的诸多深层次矛盾仍然存在,主要体现在治理格局、供需关系、实践样态、要素保障、服务监管等方面。对此,下一阶段深化养老服务改革发展的重点任务应当包含优化顶层制度设计、全面提升养老服务供给水平、加快健全覆盖城乡的三级服务网络、促进养老事业与养老产业协同发展、强化有力有效的要素保障、完善落地实施和监管机制等六个方面,以点带面,推进养老服务体系走向成熟、定型。Deepening the reform and development of elderly care services is not only an objective requirement for the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging population,but also a major measure towards the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country,and it has priority and importance in the overall reform and development.In recent years,the overall trend of reform and development of China’s elderly care service has gradually shifted from fragmentation to systemization,from government support to diversified social supply,from local exploration to overall layout,from quantity growth to quality improvement,from financial support to multi-factor empowerment.However,many deep-rooted contradictions that restrict the deepening of the reform and development of elderly care services in China still exist,mainly reflected in the governance pattern,supply and demand relationship,practice pattern,factor guarantee,service supervision,etc.For this,the key tasks for the next stage of deepening the reform and development of elderly care services should include six aspects:optimizing the top-level institutional design,comprehensively enhancing the supply level of elderly care services,accelerating the establishment of a three-level service network covering urban and rural areas,promoting the coordinated development of elderly care services and the elderly care industry,strengthening effective and powerful element guarantees,and improving the implementation and supervision mechanisms.By using the experience of a few units to promote work in all units,we will promote the elderly care service system to mature and stabilize.

关 键 词：“十五五”时期 养老服务 高质量发展 深化改革 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]