Analysis of the roles of MAD proteins in the wing dimorphism of Nilaparvata lugens  

作　　者：Miaomiao Tian Zeiwei Lu Jiguang Luo Huilin Han Dong Wen Muhua Zhao Zhihui Zhu Hongxia Hua 

机构地区：[1]Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,China [2]Institute of Plant Protection,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Research Center of Quality Safety and Standards for Agro-Products),Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hainan,China

出　　处：《Insect Science》2025年第2期515-529,共15页昆虫科学(英文版)

基　　金：supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172396).

摘　　要：Wing dimorphism in Nilaparvata lugens is controlled by the insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1)signaling–Forkhead transcription factors(IIS-FoxO)pathway.However,the role of this signal in the wing development program remains largely unclear.Here,we identified 2 R-SMAD proteins,NlMAD1 and NlMAD2,in the brown planthopper(BPH)transcriptome,derived from the intrinsic transforming growth factor-βpathway of insect wing development.Both proteins share high sequence similarity and conserved domains.Phylogenetic analysis placed them in the R-SMAD group and revealed related insect orthologs.The expression of Nlmad1 was elevated in the late instar stages of the macropterous BPH strain.Nlmad1 knockdown in nymphs results in malformed wings and reduced wing size in adults,which affects the forewing membrane.By contrast,Nlmad2 expression was relatively consistent across BPH strains and different developmental stages.Nlmad2 knockdown had a milder effect on wing morphology and mainly affected forewing veins and cuticle thickness in the brachypterous strain.NlMAD1 functions downstream of the IIS-FoxO pathway by mediating the FoxO-regulated vestigial transcription and wing morph switching.Inhibiting Nlmad1 partially reversed the long-winged phenotype caused by NlFoxO knockdown.These findings indicate that NlMAD1 and NlMAD2 play distinct roles in regulating wing development and morph differentiation in BPH.Generally,NlMAD1 is a key mediator of the IIS-FoxO pathway in wing morph switching.

关 键 词：IIS-FoxO pathway Nilaparvata lugens NlmadI Nlmad2 wing dimorphism 

分 类 号：Q966[生物学—昆虫学]