两种豆科植物共生固氮潜力比较  

A Comparison on the Symbiotic Nitrogen-fixation Potentiality of Two Kinds of Fabaceae Plants

作　　者：韩丛海 陈波 赵新元 哈希博 李芳 李利 汤方莹 HAN Conghai;CHEN Bo;ZHAO Xinyuan;HA Xibo;LI Fang;LI Li;TANG Fangying(Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau,Beijing 101118;Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Beijing 100102;Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve Administrative Office,Beijing 102115;Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau Publicity Center,Beijing 101118;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]北京市园林绿化局,北京101118 [2]北京市园林绿化科学研究院,北京100102 [3]北京松山国家级自然保护区管理处,北京102115 [4]北京市园林绿化宣传中心,北京101118 [5]北京林业大学,北京100091

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2025年第2期24-30,共7页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：北京市园林绿化青年创新人才托举工程——推进北京园林绿化高质量发展科技创新专项(KJCX202323)。

摘　　要：【目的】共生固氮是植物获取氮化物的重要途径,植物种类及其所处物候期影响共生固氮能力,为阐释植物固氮水平及其与物候期的关系,进行两种豆科植物共生固氮潜力比较研究。【方法】本研究调查了松山保护区两型豆和歪头菜在幼苗期、现蕾期、开花期、结实期、果后营养期和枯黄期的生境土壤特征、叶片氮含量,并应用高通量测序方法检测了土壤根瘤菌群落特征及其氮循环基因。【结果】与歪头菜相比,两型豆根瘤数量多、叶片氮素含量高,根瘤菌群落中根瘤菌属、慢生根瘤菌属与中慢生根瘤菌属等固氮微生物含量高,固氮功能基因相对丰度更高,表明两型豆共生根瘤菌比歪头菜共生根瘤菌固氮能力强;对比不同物候期,开花期植株比其他物候期植株的根瘤菌固氮潜力高。【结论】处于开花期的两型豆是制作绿肥或固氮菌制品的优良材料,本研究为绿肥、菌肥等的制作研究提供了数据支撑,具有重要实践指导意义。【Objective】Symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is the primary source of plants nitrides.Nitrogen-fixation capacity of symbiotic rhizobia depends on the species of plants and phenological phases.To elucidate the nitrogen fixation level of plants and its relationship with phenology,a comparative study was conducted on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation potential of two leguminous plants.【Method】This study investigated the habitat soil characteristics and leaf nitrogen content of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii and Vicia unijuga in Songshan National Nature Reserve during the seedling stage,budding stage,flowering stage,fruiting stage,post-fruit nutrition stage,and yellowing stage.High-throughput sequencing methods were used to detect the community characteristics of soil rhizobia and nitrogen cycling genes.【Result】Compared with Vicia unijuga,Amphicarpaea edgeworthii has more root nodules and higher nitrogen content in its leaves.The nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the Rhizobium community,such as rhizobia,slow-growing rhizobia,and medium-slow-growing rhizobia,were richer.Meanwhile the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing functional genes was higher,indicating that the Amphicarpaea edgeworthii symbiotic rhizobia have stronger nitrogen-fixing ability than the Vicia unijuga symbiotic rhizobia.Comparing different phenological periods,flowering plants have a higher nitrogen fixation potential for rhizobia compared to plants in other phenological periods.【Conclusion】Amphicarpaea edgeworthii in the flowering stage was excellent material for making green manure or nitrogen-fixing bacterial products,which can provide data support for research on green manure,bacterial manure,etc.,which have important practical guidance significance.

关 键 词：两型豆 歪头菜 植物固氮 共生根瘤菌 功能基因 物候期 

分 类 号：Q945.13[生物学—植物学]