宏中微三层维度在森林经营中的应用  

Application of Macro,Medium and Micro Dimensions in Forest Management

作　　者：赵睿 刘玉臣[1] 闫平 沈海龙 张鹏[2,3] 贾炜玮[2,3] 王超[2,4] 杨剑飞[2,3] 郑瞳 唐伟 ZHAO Rui;LIU Yuchen;YAN Ping;SHEN Hailong;ZHANG Peng;JIA Weiwei;WANG Chao;YANG Jianfei;ZHENG Tong;TANG Wei(Management Office,Forest Resources Monitoring Center in Key National Forest Areas,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Jiagedaqi 165002,Heilongjiang;College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Forest Ecosystems,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang;National Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang)

机构地区：[1]国家林业与草原局重点国有林区森林资源监测中心经营处,黑龙江加格达奇165002 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [3]森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [4]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2025年第2期44-48,共5页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“东北红松、樟子松林可持续经营技术集成示范”(2022YFD2201002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572023CT02-02);国家自然基金(31972950);黑龙江省头雁项目。

摘　　要：森林经营是对现有森林进行科学培育以提高森林产量和质量的生产活动总称,主要包括森林抚育、林木改造、采伐更新、护林防火及副产品利用等。基于层次分析法,本文将经营方式与措施按照经营主体对象的维度划分为宏观、中观及微观。经营方式与经营层次的不同,对经营策略的制定与最终的经营效果会造成显著差别。现在单一类别和层次的经营方式,难以满足多功能、多目标的森林经营理念和发展趋势,需要综合性、多维度的森林经营方式对森林生态系统、林木生长进行精准提升。因此,本文以宏观维度在森林经营中的应用、中观维度在森林经营中的应用、微观维度在森林经营中的应用、宏观中观微观维度在森林经营中的应用这4个方面进行综合概述。本文对未来森林经营方式进行展望,探究科技化、深层次及综合性的新型智慧森林经营理念和经营方式,以期为森林经营的可持续深入发展提供方法指导和理论依据。Forest management is a general term for production activities in which existing forests are scientifically cultivated to improve their yield and quality.It mainly includes forest tending,forest transformation,harvesting and revegetation,forest protection and fire prevention,as well as by-product utilization.Based on the analytic hierarchy process,this paper divides managing methods and measures into macro,meso and micro levels according to the dimensions of managing objects.Differences in managing methods and levels will cause significant disparities in the formulation of managing strategies and final results.Nowadays,management methods in just one single category and level can hardly meet the multi-functional and multi-objective forest management concepts and development trends.So comprehensive and multi-dimensional forest management methods are needed to accurately improve the forest ecosystem and forest growth.Therefore,this paper makes a comprehensive overview of forest management from four aspects,namely,the application of the macro level,the medium level,the micro level,and the comprehensive dimension combining all the three levels.This paper looks forward to the future forest management methods and explores a new smart forest management concept and method featured by a scientific,technological,in-depth and comprehensive approach,with a view to providing methodological guidance and theoretical basis for the sustainable and in-depth development of forest management.

关 键 词：森林经营 宏观 中观 微观 联动 智慧林业 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]