某地方本科院校2019—2023年新生心理健康状况对比研究  

A Study on Comparative of Mental Health Status of Freshmen in a Local Undergraduate College from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：刘月[1] 杨宪华 LIU Yue;YANG Xian-hua(Mental Health Education Center,Shangluo University,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi;School of Health Management,Shangluo University,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]商洛学院心理健康教育中心,陕西商洛726000 [2]商洛学院健康管理学院,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《商洛学院学报》2025年第2期89-96,共8页Journal of Shangluo University

基　　金：2023年陕西高校学生工作精品项目(2023XXM23);商洛学院2025年辅导员工作室项目。

摘　　要：为了解某地方本科院校新生的心理健康状况,有针对性地帮助学生应对心理问题。采用中国大学生心理健康筛查量表,对某地方院校2019-2023年共计17264名新生进行心理健康状况调查和对比分析。结果表明,新生心理问题检出率近五年呈上升趋势,男性心理健康总体状况优于女性(t=-6.107,P<0.001),尤其在幻觉妄想症状、自杀意图、敌对攻击、自伤行为、恋爱困扰这五个方面均优于女生。独生子女和非独生子女的心理健康总体状况差异不显著(P>0.05),但非独生子女在幻觉妄想症状、自杀意图、敌对攻击这3个维度上情况优于独生子女,在社交恐惧、依赖、冲动、学校适应困难、学业压力、就业压力这6个维度上又比独生子女差。城市籍学生心理健康状况优于小城镇和农村的学生(F=4.110,P<0.05),小城镇籍学生的偏执、躯体化、自伤行为这三个症状较严重,而农村籍学生的自卑情况较严重。In order to understand the mental health status of freshmen in a local university and provide targeted assistance in addressing student's psychological issues,the Chinese College Student Mental Health Screening Scale was adopted to conduct investigations on a total of 17264 freshmen in the university in the past five years,and a comparative analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the detection rate of psychological problems among freshmen has shown an upward trend over the past five years.The overall mental health status of male students is better than that female students(t=-6.107,P<0.001).In particular,male students are better than female students in five aspects,namely hallucination and delusion symptoms,suicidal intention,hostile aggression,self-harm behavior,and relationship troubles.There was no significant difference in overall mental health status between only children and non-only children(P>0.05).However,non-only children performed better in three dimensions:hallucination and delusion symptoms,suicidal intention,and hostile aggression,while they scored worse in six dimensions:social phobia,dependence,impulsiveness,difficulty in adapting to school,academic pressure,and employment pressure.The mental health status of students from urban areas is better than that of students from small towns and rural areas(F=4.110,P<0.05).Students from small towns showed more severe symptoms of paranoia,somatization,and self-harm behavior,while the sense of inferiority among students from rural areas is relatively serious.

关 键 词：大学新生 心理健康状况 本科院校 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]