夏热冬冷地区老旧住区开放空间微气候效应研究——以南京市为例  

Research on Microclimate Effects of Open Space in Old Settlements in Hot Summer,Cold Winter Region:A Case Study of Nanjing

作　　者：郭苏明[1] 吴祎 王元元 孙梅霞 Guo Suming;Wu Yi;Wang Yuanyuan;Sun Meixia(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Nanjing Municipal Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]南京市市政设计研究院有限责任公司,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《南京师大学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期27-37,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371940);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD).

摘　　要：南京位于夏热冬冷地区,城市住区开放空间的微气候效应能够显著改善冬夏两季的人体舒适度,基于南京城市更新对居住质量的要求,提升住区开放空间微气候效应有现实意义.本文利用气候模拟软件ENVI-met对南京锁金四村、丹桂居和春光里3种不同建筑布局的住区的开放空间微气候效应及人体舒适度展开研究,建立典型住区开放空间ENVI-met模型,针对开放空间的植物配置、建筑平面围合形态、户外热舒适度3个方面,进行空气温度、相对湿度、风速及太阳辐射等气候参数和预期平均热感觉评价的分析.主要结论有:(1)住区开放空间绿化植被结构、排布的围合程度、树形对微气候存在影响;(2)建筑平面围合形式和空气温度、风速有较强关联性;(3)南京地区夏季开放空间热舒适性较差,需要结合建筑阴影区合理布置活动休憩空间、丰富植物层次,以改善老旧住区开放空间的气候舒适度,满足城市存量更新建设的要求.Nanjing is located in the region of hot summer and cold winter,and the microclimate effect of open space in urban settlements can significantly improve human comfort in winter and summer seasons.Based on the requirements of Nanjing's urban renewal on the quality of living,it is of practical significance to improve the microclimate effect of open space in settlements.In this paper,ENVI-met,a climate simulation software,is used to study the microclimate effect and human comfort of open space in three settlements of different building layouts,namely,Suojinsicun,Danguiju and Chunguangli,in Nanjing.The ENVI-met model of a typical open space in a settlement is set up,and air temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,and solar radiation and predicted mean vote(PMV)are measured in terms of plant configurations of open space,the enclosure morphology of building plan,and the degree of thermal comfort in the outdoor environment.The main conclusions are:(1)The structure of green vegetation of open space in the settlements,the degree of enclosure of the layout and tree shape have impacts on the microclimate.(2)The form of building plan enclosure has strong correlations with air temperature and wind speed.(3)The thermal comfort of open space in summer of Nanjing is poor,and it is necessary to reasonably arrange the activity and rest space in conjunction with the shaded area of the building and enrich the plant level,so as to improve the climatic comfort of open space in old settlements and meet the requirements of urban stock renewal construction.

关 键 词：微气候 老旧住区开放空间 ENVI-met 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论]