Optimizing AES S-Box Implementation:A SAT-Based Approach with Tower Field Representations  

作　　者：Jingya Feng Ying Zhao Tao Ye Wei Feng 

机构地区：[1]School of Computer Science and Information Security,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,541004,China [2]School of Computing and Information Systems,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,3010,Australia [3]Guangxi Wangxin Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning,530000,China

出　　处：《Computers, Materials & Continua》2025年第4期1515-1531,共17页计算机、材料和连续体(英文)

基　　金：supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62162016);in part by the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(Nos.YCBZ2023132 and YCSW2023304).

摘　　要：The efficient implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)is crucial for network data security.This paper presents novel hardware implementations of the AES S-box,a core component,using tower field representations and Boolean Satisfiability(SAT)solvers.Our research makes several significant contri-butions to the field.Firstly,we have optimized the GF(24)inversion,achieving a remarkable 31.35%area reduction(15.33 GE)compared to the best known implementations.Secondly,we have enhanced multiplication implementa-tions for transformation matrices using a SAT-method based on local solutions.This approach has yielded notable improvements,such as a 22.22%reduction in area(42.00 GE)for the top transformation matrix in GF((24)2)-type S-box implementation.Furthermore,we have proposed new implementations of GF(((22)2)2)-type and GF((24)2)-type S-boxes,with the GF(((22)2)2)-type demonstrating superior performance.This implementation offers two variants:a small area variant that sets new area records,and a fast variant that establishes new benchmarks in Area-Execution-Time(AET)and energy consumption.Our approach significantly improves upon existing S-box implementations,offering advancements in area,speed,and energy consumption.These optimizations contribute to more efficient and secure AES implementations,potentially enhancing various cryptographic applications in the field of network security.

关 键 词：AES S-box SAT optimization tower field hardware implementation area efficiency energy consumption 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]