地铁站台高峰时期候车客流引导策略研究  

Research on guidance strategy of waiting passenger flow during peak hours on subway platform

作　　者：杨雨函 周义棋 蔡爽 钟茂华[2] YANG Yuhan;ZHOU Yiqi;CAI Shuang;ZHONG Maohua(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Safety Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Metro Operation Administration Corporation Limited,Beijing 100068,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [2]清华大学安全科学学院,北京100084 [3]北京市轨道交通运营管理有限公司,北京100068

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第4期20-26,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52374210)。

摘　　要：为分析和缓解高峰时期地铁站台客流的拥堵情况,采用元胞自动机模型对一特定地铁站台场景的乘客上下车过程进行模拟,并提出2种引导策略:为乘客提供各车门处的候车人数信息(策略1);在策略1的基础上,为乘客提供列车内各车厢人数信息(策略2)。以现场观测获得的行人参数作为模型输入,计算无引导情况和引导策略下乘客上下车总时间,在不同车厢满载率条件下探讨各引导策略对乘客上下车效率的影响。研究结果表明:各车厢满载率相差不大时,引导策略1和引导策略2的效果无明显差异,均可使乘客平均上下车时间缩短约30%;各车厢满载率相差较大时,相比于引导策略1,引导策略2对乘客的上下车效率具备更好的提升效果。即使仅有部分乘客遵从引导,引导策略也能显著提高乘客上下车效率。研究结果有助于地铁运营系统更好地应对高峰时期站台客流拥堵的现象,提升地铁运营效率和运营安全水平。In order to analyze and alleviate the congestion of passenger flow on the subway platform during peak hours,the cellular automata model was used to simulate the process of passengers getting on and off the train in a specific subway platform scenario,and two guidance strategies were proposed.The strategy 1 was providing the passengers with information about the number of people waiting at each door,and the strategy 2 was providing the passengers with information about the number of people in each carriage of the train on the basis of strategy 1.The pedestrian parameters obtained from field observation were used as the model input to calculate the total time for passengers to get on and off the train under the unguided situation and guidance strategies,and the influence of different guidance strategies on the efficiency of passengers getting on and off the train under different carriage full load rates was discussed.The results show that when there is little difference in the full load rate of each carriage,the effect of guidance strategy 1 and guidance strategy 2 is comparable,both can reduce the total time of passengers getting on and off the train by about 30%.When the full load rate of each carriage is quite different,the guidance strategy 2 has a better effect on improving the efficiency of passengers getting on and off the train than the guidance strategy 1.Even if only some passengers follow the guidance,the guidance strategy can also significantly improve the efficiency of passengers getting on and off the train.The research results can help the subway operation system to better cope with the phenomenon of passenger congestion on platform during peak hours,and improve the operation efficiency and safety level of the subway.

关 键 词：地铁站台 高峰客流引导 元胞自动机模型 模拟 安全运营 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]