地表火引燃云南松树冠火蔓延规律研究  

Study on propagation laws of crown fire of Yunnan Pine ignited by surface fire

作　　者：陈有成 代张音[1] 黄淙葆 钟曼尹 江泽标[1] CHEN Youcheng;DAI Zhangyin;HUANG Congbao;ZHONG Manyin;JIANG Zebiao(College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第4期125-134,共10页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般250,黔科合支撑[2021]一般520)。

摘　　要：为揭示西南地区森林火灾中地表火引燃树冠火后的蔓延规律,基于Pyrosim火灾模拟软件,对地表火向云南松树冠火的转化过程及蔓延特性进行数值模拟,模拟分析不同风速和坡度条件下的火灾蔓延情况。研究结果表明:风速是影响树冠火蔓延速率的关键因素。风速3 m/s下的火场最高温度较风速1 m/s上升100℃,火蔓延加快;风速增加至5 m/s时,峰值温度进一步升高至1 400℃。在相同坡度下,风速的增加显著加快树冠火的蔓延速率;在相同风速下,坡度的增加也会促进火势蔓延。在15°坡度下,随着风速增加,火灾燃烧强度和蔓延速率明显提升,其中工况S-3的热释放速率(HRR)曲线峰值最高且曲线面积最大,风速加快了火焰的蔓延。然而,风速为1 m/s时,尽管坡度从25°增加到35°,HRR峰值和曲线面积无显著变化,表明在低风速条件下,坡度对火焰蔓延的影响较小。研究结果可为森林火灾防控策略的优化提供理论与数据参考。In order to reveal the propagation laws of crown fire ignited by surface fire in the forest fires of southwest China,the numerical simulation was conducted on the transformation process and propagation characteristics of surface fire into crown fire of Yunnan Pine based on Pyrosim fire simulation software.The fire propagation under different wind speed and slope conditions was simulated and analyzed.The results show that the wind speed is a key factor affecting the rate of crown fire propagation.The maximum temperature of the fire scene at a wind speed of 3 m/s increased by 100℃compared to a wind speed of 1 m/s,and the spread of the fire accelerated.When the wind speed increases to 5 m/s,the peak temperature further increases to 1400℃.Under the same slope,the increase in wind speed significantly accelerates the propagation rate of crown fire,and under the same wind speed,the increase in slope also promotes the propagation of fire.At a 15°slope,as the wind speed increases,the fire burning intensity and propagation rate increase significantly.Among them,the heat release rate(HRR)curve of working condition S-3 has the highest peak value and the largest curve area,and the wind speed accelerates the propagation of the flame.However,when the wind speed is 1 m/s,although the slope increases from 25°to 35°,the HRR peak value and curve area do not change significantly,indicating that under low wind speed conditions,the influence of slope on flame propagation is small.The research results can provide theoretical and data reference for the optimization of forest fire prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：云南松 树冠火 Pyrosim 蔓延规律 

分 类 号：X954[环境科学与工程—安全科学]