稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢组织与性能的影响  

Effect of rare earth Ce on microstructure and properties of low alloy wear-resistant steel

作　　者：孙建昌[1] 牛泽鹏 穆鸿敏 武卓杰 马国强 于彦冲[2] 韩建超 Sun Jianchang;Niu Zepeng;Mu Hongmin;Wu Zhuojie;Ma Guoqiang;Yu Yanchong;Han Jianchao(Research and Development Center,Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原重工股份有限公司技术中心,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [3]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《金属热处理》2025年第4期40-47,共8页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52004180);山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2023-080)。

摘　　要：以ZG25CrNiMo低合金耐磨钢为研究对象,制备了不含Ce与含0.021%Ce的两组试验钢。首先研究淬火温度对硬度的影响,以确定最佳热处理工艺;随后研究稀土Ce对试验钢中夹杂物、显微组织、冲击性能和耐磨性的影响并分析其作用机理。结果显示,ZG25CrNiMo低合金耐磨钢最佳热处理方案为980℃×1 h正火+675℃×1 h回火+970℃×1 h水淬+205℃×1 h回火。与未添加Ce相比,添加0.021%Ce后,试验钢中夹杂物由形状不规则且尺寸较大的Al 2O 3和MnS夹杂物改性为小尺寸、球形的Ce 2O 2S稀土夹杂物。热处理后试验钢的硬度由512 HV0.1提升至538 HV0.1;单位面积内马氏体板条群增多,马氏体板条束宽度由0.50μm降至0.36μm;试验钢-40℃冲击吸收能量由20.7 J提升至32.0 J,25℃冲击吸收能量由31.3 J提升至44.7 J,冲击性能显著增加;120 min冲击磨损失量由660 mg降至550 mg。磨损后试样表面犁沟深度变浅,剥落坑占比显著降低,耐磨性提升20%。稀土Ce对低合金耐磨钢ZG25CrNiMo夹杂物的改善及显微组织的细化是试验钢冲击性能及耐磨性提升的主要原因。Taking ZG25CrNiMo low alloy wear-resisting steel as the research object,two groups of the tested steels without Ce and with 0.021%Ce were prepared.Firstly,the influence of quenching temperature on hardness was studied to determine the best heat treatment process.Then the effect of rare earth Ce on inclusions,microstructure,impact property and wear resistance of the tested steel was studied and the mechanism was analyzed.The results show that the best heat treatment scheme of the ZG25CrNiMo low alloy wear-resistant steel is 980℃×1 h normalizing+675℃×1 h tempering+970℃×1 h water quenching+205℃×1 h tempering.Compared with the steel without Ce,the inclusions in the steel adding 0.021%Ce are modified from large and irregular Al 2O 3 and MnS inclusions to small and spherical Ce 2O 2S rare earth inclusions.After heat treatment,the hardness of the tested steel increases from 512 HV0.1 to 538 HV0.1.The group of martensitic lath per unit area increases,and the width of the lath decreases from 0.50μm to 0.36μm.The impact absorbed energy of the tested steel increases from 20.7 J to 32.0 J at-40℃and from 31.3 J to 44.7 J at 25℃,and the impact property increases significantly.After 120 min impact wear,the wear mass loss decreases from 660 mg to 550 mg.After wear,the ploughing depth on the surface becomes shallow,the proportion of peeling pits is significantly reduced,and the wear resistance is increased by 20%.The improvement of inclusions and refinement of microstructure in the low alloy wear-resistant steel ZG25CrNiMo by rare earth Ce is the main reason for the improvement of impact property and wear resistance of the tested steel.

关 键 词：稀土Ce 低合金耐磨钢 热处理 夹杂物 马氏体板条 冲击性能 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]