晶粒细化与析出相耦合作用对304不锈钢晶间腐蚀行为的影响  

Effect of grain refinement and precipitates coupling on intergranular corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel

作　　者：齐祥羽 赵苗苗 杜林秀[4] 严玲 Qi Xiangyu;Zhao Miaomiao;Du Linxiu;Yan Ling(State Key Laboratory of Metallic Materials for Marine Equipment and Applications,Anshan Liaoning 114009,China;Iron and Steel Research Institute of ANGANG Group,Anshan Liaoning 114009,China;School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering,Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology,Benxi Liaoning 117004,China;State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋装备金属材料及其应用全国重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114009 [2]鞍钢集团钢铁研究院,辽宁鞍山114009 [3]辽宁科技学院冶金与材料工程学院,辽宁本溪117004 [4]东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《金属热处理》2025年第4期149-155,共7页Heat Treatment of Metals

摘　　要：通过深冷轧结合逆相变退火方式对304不锈钢进行组织纳米化,采用电子背散射衍射、电子探针和透射电镜研究了析出相与晶粒尺寸因素协同作用对304不锈钢晶间腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,深冷轧试验钢在700℃分别退火20、60和120 min后得到的初始组织晶粒尺寸分别为0.34、0.67和1.12μm,3种退火样品中均存在大量的富Cr碳化物析出相,且析出相为M_(23)C_(6);退火试样经650℃敏化2 h后,放入微沸的H_(2)SO_(4)-CuSO_(4)溶液中浸泡16 h后,700℃退火20 min制备的纳米/超细晶304不锈钢与同温度下制备的微米晶钢相比,具有相似的耐晶间腐蚀性能。初始组织中形成的富Cr碳化物析出相会极大地削弱晶粒细化对材料耐晶间腐蚀性能带来的积极作用。Microstructure of 304 stainless steel was nanostructured by using cryogenic rolling combined with reverse phase transformation annealing,and the synergistic effect of precipitates and grain size factors on the intergranular corrosion performance of the 304 stainless steel was studied by means of electron back-scattered diffraction,electron probe micro analyzer and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that the initial grain size of the cryogenic rolling tested steel after annealing at 700℃for 20,60 and 120 min is 0.34,0.67 and 1.12μm,respectively.There are a large amount of Cr-rich carbide precipitates in the three annealed specimens,which are M_(23)C_(6) precipitates.The three annealed specimens are sensitized at 650℃for 2 h,and then immersed in a slightly boiling H_(2)SO_(4)-CuSO_(4) solution for 16 h.The nano/ultrafine grained 304 stainless steel annealed at 700℃for 20 min exhibits similar intergranular corrosion resistance compared to the micron grained steel prepared at the same temperature.The reason of which is that the precipitation of Cr-rich carbides formed in the initial structure greatly weakens the positive effect of grain refinement on the intergranular corrosion resistance of the material.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 晶粒细化 晶间腐蚀 深冷轧 退火 富铬碳化物 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]