船用柴油机凸轮轴失效分析及复合喷丸强化处理  

Failure analysis of camshaft for marine diesel engines and composite shot peening strengthening treatment

作　　者：姚亚俊 吴心波 罗长增 李成艳 徐得石 姜传海[4] Yao Yajun;Wu Xinbo;Luo Changzeng;Li Chengyan;Xu Deshi;Jiang Chuanhai(Weichai Power Co.,Ltd.,Weifang Shandong 261061,China;State Key Laboratory of Engine and Powertrain System,Weifang Shandong 261061,China;College of Materials Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing Jiangsu 211106,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]潍柴动力股份有限公司,山东潍坊261061 [2]内燃机与动力系统全国重点实验室,山东潍坊261061 [3]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,江苏南京211106 [4]上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《金属热处理》2025年第4期290-295,共6页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2024CXPT067)。

摘　　要：对某船用柴油机凸轮轴经耐久循环试验后凸轮桃尖剥落问题进行了失效分析,并给出了提高凸轮轴接触疲劳强度的复合喷丸强化方法。结果表明,凸轮轴的显微组织、硬度、淬硬层深度均处于正常范围,其失效原因为接触疲劳剥落。采用陶瓷丸0.15A+玻璃丸0.07A的复合喷丸处理后,凸轮表面残余压应力场分布均匀,表层残余压应力提升到1284 MPa、次表层残余压应力提升到1322 MPa,表层残留奥氏体含量降低到0.8%,表层硬度提升到971 HV0.05。这表明复合喷丸强化可有效解决凸轮轴接触疲劳剥落的问题。Failure analysis was conducted on the spalling problem of cam tip of a marine diesel engine camshaft after durability cycle testing,and a composite shot peening strengthening method was proposed to improve the contact fatigue strength of the camshaft.The results show the microstructure,hardness and hardened layer depth of the camshaft are all within the normal range,and the failure cause of the camshaft is contact fatigue spalling.After composite shot peening by using ceramic shot(0.15A)+glass shot(0.07A),the residual compressive stress distribution on the cam surface is uniform.The residual compressive stress in the surface layer is increased to 1284 MPa,and that in the subsurface layer is increased to 1322 MPa.The retained austenite content in the surface layer is reduced to 0.8%,and the surface hardness is increased to 971 HV0.05.This indicates that the composite shot peening strengthening can effectively solve the problem of contact fatigue spalling of the camshaft.

关 键 词：凸轮轴 接触疲劳剥落 复合喷丸 残余应力 硬度 

分 类 号：TG146.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]