电火花线切割加工表面形貌评价方法研究  

Research on Surface Morphology Evaluation Method of WEDM

作　　者：耿雷 田博文 郭艳玲[2] GENG Lei;TIAN Bowen;GUO Yanling(School of Mechanical Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science&Technology,Heilongjiang Harbin 150022,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学机械工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150022 [2]东北林业大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2025年第4期108-112,120,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375336);2023年度黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费(2023-KYYWF-0529)。

摘　　要：电火花线切割加工的放电过程存在随机性,工件表面凹坑、裂纹的分布无规律可循,传统的粗糙度测量手段难以准确地对工件表面形貌做出评价,因此使用更为合理与准确的参数表征工件的表面形貌十分重要。在研究过程中,基于面粗糙度测量原理及统计学相关研究方法,提出利用面粗糙度在卡方分布模型中期望的值E(Sa)以及表面陡度Sku,并利用最小二乘法以及回归分析得到的回归直线的斜率a,综合表征加工过程中的稳定性与表面形成特征;利用层次分析法计算三个参数的系数矩阵,并提出采用表面形貌评价指数S对工件的表面形貌进行表征。实验结果分析表明,表面形貌评价指数S能合理、直观地表征电火花线切割加工工件的表面形貌。The discharge process of wire electrical discharge machining is random,and the distribution of pits and cracks on the sur⁃face of the workpiece is not regular.The traditional roughness measurement method is difficult to directly and accurately evaluate the surface morphology of the workpiece.Therefore,it is very important to use more accurate parameters to characterize the surface morphology of the workpiece.In the research process,based on the mechanism of surface roughness measurement and statistical related research methods,the expected value E(Sa)and surface steepness Sku of surface roughness in the chi-square distribution model are proposed,and the least square method and regression analysis are used.The slope a of the regression line is used to char⁃acterize the stability and features of surface formation during processing.The coefficient matrix of the three parameters is calculated by the analytic hierarchy process,and the surface morphology of the workpiece is characterized by the surface morphology evalua⁃tion index S combined with the three factors.The experimental results show that the surface morphology evaluation index S can ac⁃curately and intuitively characterize the surface morphology of the workpiece machined by wire electrical discharge machining.

关 键 词：电火花线切割 表面形貌 表面形貌评价指数 层次分析法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]