轧辊磨床静动压轴承抱轴故障原因分析及其处理  

Cause analysis and treatment for shaft-locking failure of roll grinder’s static and dynamic pressure bearings

作　　者：黄宁 HUANG Ning(Library of Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学图书馆,北京100871

出　　处：《机械设计》2025年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Machine Design

摘　　要：针对MK84200型轧机支承辊磨床,详细分析了其主轴抱死的原因。该磨床主轴采用静动压轴承,在磨削过程中由于液压系统油液污染,主轴砂轮端静动压轴承下腔毛细管节流器堵塞,压力油不能正常供给,导致主轴干摩擦发热抱死。为解决此问题,文中提出了以下故障处理及调试步骤:首先,通过测量、配研、刮瓦、研磨修复磨损的主轴和轴瓦,保证重新建立静动压轴承正常工作压力的基本条件;其次,对节流器的结构进行优化设计以减小节流器再次堵塞的风险;通过更换更高黏度的液压油来补偿主轴和轴瓦磨损后间隙变大导致的腔体工作压力降低;最后,根据各腔体的磨损情况,在原设计工作压力的基础上,通过调整节流器长度来优化轴瓦上下前后腔工作压力。通过各项调整,重新优化配置了主轴旋转平衡的条件,排除了主轴故障。With focus on the MK84200 mill’s supporting roll grinder.The grinder’s main shaft adopts static and dynamic bearings.In the grinding process,due to oil pollution of the hydraulic system,the capillary throttle in the lower cavity of the static and dynamic bearings at the end of the main shaft wheel is blocked,and the pressure oil cannot be supplied normally,thus resulting in the main shaft’s dry friction and hot locking.To address this issue,the following failure treatment and debugging steps are put forward.Firstly,the worn main shaft and bearing bush are measured,matched,scraped,grinded and repaired,so as to resume normal working pressure for the static and dynamic bearings.Secondly,the throttle structure is optimized,in order to reduce risk of future blockage.Then,hydraulic oil with larger viscosity is replaced to compensate for clearance increase caused by wear on the main shaft and the bearing bush.Finally,based on wear of each cavity,the working pressure for the bearing bush’s upper,lower,front and rear cavities is optimized and adjusted by changing the throttle’s length,while maintaining the original working pressure.As a result,a series of adjustment create favorable conditions for the main shaft to achieve rotary balance and get rid of failure.

关 键 词：磨床 主轴 静动压轴承 抱轴故障 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]